“River of Sorrows Floods Again” “Thousands Missing After Huang He Overflows” “Over 10 million reported Homeless after 1931 Flooding” These newspaper headlines describe the effects of geography on the people of:

• China

• Japan

• India

• Vietnam

The river valleys of the Huang He and Indus were centers of early civilization because they

• Had rich deposits of iron ore and coal

• Were isolated from other cultural influences

• Contained rich soils from annual floods

• Were easy to defend from invasion

People from all over come to bathe in the most sacred river in India. Cremated bodies, sewage from factories, and occasionally dead animals float around the river on a daily basis. Because the river is known as a sacred healing body of water, people who have sicknesses and diseases bathe themselves, hoping that it will cure them. Others who go into the polluted river do it because of tradition, especially Hindu priests. What environmental issue are the people of India facing?

• Pollution of the Ganges

• Limited medical facilities

• Unequal distribution of natural resources

• Irrigation has limited the agricultural productivity

Which economic concept is defined as that which people give up when they choose to spend their resources on something else?

• Opportunity cost

• Productivity

• The profit motive

• Specialization

In a command economy, major economic decisions are made by

• wholesalers of agricultural goods

• consumers of foodstuff

• manufacturers of industrial goods

• officials of the government

In the period since World War II, Japan has dealt with its shortage of natural resources mainly by following a policy of

• Becoming agriculturally oriented nation

• Enforcing a program of austerity for its civilian population

• Attempting to take over nearby resource-rich nations

• Developing many industrial products for export

In present- day China, the major goal of the government is to

• Increase the freedom of the Chinese press

• Reduce its control over the economy

• Increase Chinese control over Southeast Asia

• Decrease Chinese trade with the United States

Even though Japan has few natural resources, it has a high standard of living mainly because it has

• Developed technology that can be exchanged for the resources it needs

• Printed more money whenever living standards have started to decline

• Imported manufactured goods

• Produced goods and services without obtaining resources

Which of the following Southern & Eastern Asian country can be described as having an economy closest to a market economy?

• India

• China

• Japan

• North Korea

China and India can be described as most likely having which type of economic system today?

• Command

• Traditional

• pure market

• mixed market