Thomas Jefferson lowered spending in order to repay the national debt. This policy arguably weakened the United States’ position in relation to the British because it

• abolished domestic taxes.

• eliminated the national bank.

• reduced the size of the active navy.

• limited the federal government to several hundred people.

What is judicial review?

• the power of Congress to oversee decisions made by the Supreme Court

• the power of the judiciary to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

• the power of the judiciary to monitor the conduct of presidential elections

• the power of Congress to review the appointment of Supreme Court justices

Who was John Marshall?

• Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who wrote the opinion in Marbury v. Madison and was appointed by John Adams

• Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson who refused to deliver appointment papers to William Marbury.

• attorney who wrongly argued that the Court had the power to make Madison hand over Marbury’s appointment papers

• Democratic-Republican justice who invalidated James Madison’s appointment of “midnight justices”

The Louisiana Purchase was significant to the United States because it

• took New Orleans out of Spain’s control.

• nearly doubled the size of the country.

• helped the United States challenge British power in North America.

• set a precedent regarding the purchase of territory without congressional approval.

Napoléon Bonaparte decided to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States because he

• wanted U.S. support for a war against Spain.

• thought the land would be set aside for Native Americans.

• wished to build a new empire in North America.

• needed to reinforce the French military in the war against the British.

In a sense Lewis and Clark failed in their expedition in that they did not

• collect adequate information about western plants and animals.

• survey the Louisiana Purchase.

• travel over the Cascade Range on horseback.

• find a river route across the West to the Pacific Ocean.

The Lewis and Clark expedition was undertaken in order to explore the Louisiana Purchase, to learn about the plants and animals of the West, and to

• attempt to find a river route to the Pacific Ocean.

• form alliances with American Indian tribes.

• establish the Corps of Discovery.

• provide Americans with their first accounts of the Northwest.

As the result of which activity did the United States find itself involved in the war between Britain and France that erupted in 1803?

• patrolling the English Channel with war ships

• shipping goods and war supplies to both countries

• negotiating the Louisiana Purchase

• protecting escaped British sailors from impressment

What was the effect of the Embargo Act passed by Congress in 1807?

• American ports were closed.

• Trade with Britain was banned until Britain respected U.S. neutrality.

• International trade was banned.

• Foreign imports were allowed, but U.S. exports came to an end.

The Embargo Act failed because

• the Non-Intercourse Act limited its scope.

• it caused American merchants to lose money and had little effect on Britain and France.

• Spain replaced the loss of U.S. trade with increased trade in South America.

• the Federalist party rallied against it.