The Cell Cycle

Initial cell growth, normal cell functions are carried out, and organelles are copied.

• G1

• S

• G2

• M phase

Answer explanation

The G1 phase is where initial cell growth occurs, normal functions are performed, and organelles are copied. This makes G1 the correct choice for the described activities.

Cells go through additional growth.

• G1

• S

• G2

• M phase

Answer explanation

During the G2 phase, cells undergo additional growth and prepare for mitosis. This phase follows the S phase, where DNA is replicated, making G2 crucial for ensuring the cell is ready to divide.

Cells undergo cell division, which involves both mitosis and cytokinesis.

• G1

• S

• G2

• M phase

Answer explanation

The M phase is the stage of the cell cycle where mitosis and cytokinesis occur, leading to cell division. G1, S, and G2 are interphase stages that prepare the cell for division, but do not involve the actual division process.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Cells replicate DNA.

• G1

• S

• G2

• M phase

Answer explanation

Cells replicate DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle. This is when the DNA is synthesized, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

The G in G₁ and G₂ stands for _____.

• gap

• growth

• gap/growth

• none of these

Answer explanation

The G in G1 and G2 represents both 'gap' and 'growth', indicating that these terms are often used together in various contexts, such as economics and development. Therefore, the correct answer is 'gap/growth'.

Cells must pass through a critical checkpoint during which stages of the cell cycle?

• G1

• G2

• M phase

• All of these are correct.

Answer explanation

Cells must pass through critical checkpoints during G1, G2, and M phase to ensure proper growth and division. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of these are correct.' as all stages involve important checkpoints.

Where does DNA synthesis happen in eukaryotic cells?

• cytoplasm

• ribosomes

• nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

Answer explanation

DNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where the genetic material is housed. The cytoplasm, ribosomes, and Golgi apparatus are involved in other cellular processes, but not in DNA synthesis.

What two processes make up the M stage?

• fermentation & mitosis

• mitosis & cytokinesis

• glycolysis & cytokinesis

• G1 & G2

Answer explanation

The M stage of the cell cycle consists of two key processes: mitosis, where the nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two daughter cells. Thus, the correct answer is mitosis & cytokinesis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Some scientists name the stage where cells carry out their normal functions but are unlikely to divide. The name they give this stage is _________.

• G0

• G1

• G2

• G3

Answer explanation

The G0 phase is a resting stage where cells perform their normal functions and are not actively preparing to divide. This distinguishes it from G1, G2, and other phases where cell division is more likely.

To stay alive, a cell needs materials to move in and out across its membrane. As a cell grows bigger, its volume increases _____ than its surface area. At a certain point, the cell’s volume would be _____ compared to the area available for materials to move in and out.

• faster / too small

• faster / too large

• slower / too small

• slower / too large

Answer explanation

As a cell grows, its volume increases faster than its surface area. This leads to a situation where the volume becomes too large compared to the available surface area for material exchange, making 'faster / too large' the correct choice.