Primary Metabolites

Primary metabolites are produced during

• Lag phase

• Log phase

• Stationary phase

• Decline phase

Primary essential metabolites are

• Require to sustain cell growth process

• Produced in excessive amount

• End product of fermentation process

• Examples are acetone and lactic acid

Alcohol fermentation is catalyzed by

• Pyruvate dehydrogenanse and alcohol decarboxylase

• Pyruvate decarboxylase & alcohol dehydrogenase

• Pyruvate kinase & alcohol phosphatase

• Pyruvate phosphatase & alcohol kinase

Below are the applications of ethanol, except

• Production of butadiene

• Alcoholic beverages

• Diluent in pharmaceuticals

• Production of glycol ether

What happen during malting process?

• Steeping

• Germination

• Kilning

• All of the above

Wort is

• Starch-rich liquid

• Protein-rich liquid

• Sugar-rich liquid

• Grain-rich liquid

Butanol is better than ethanol because

• It contains higher volatility

• It has lower boiling point

• It adsorb moisture readily

• It has higher energy content

Clostridium acetobutylicum

• Gram-positive bacillus

• Switches its metabolism from acidogenesis to solventogenesis when pH decrease

• Produces ABE in 3:6:1 ratio

• All of the above

Alkanes in natural gas and crude oil are separated by

• Fractional filtration

• Fractional differentiation

• Fractional distillation

• Fractional chromatography

Why is it difficult to purify alkanes from most Eubacteria?

• They are produced intracellularly

• They are mostly long-chain n-alkanes

• The synthesis requires sunlight

• They are produced in low amounts