16 AP Biology Biotechnology and viruses

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

• helps cut DNA
• count the genes in DNA
• separates DNA based on size
• allows for an exact replicated organism

Why do the fragments of DNA in gel electrophoresis travel away from the negative electrode?

• DNA is negatively charged so attracted to the positive end of the unit
• DNA is positively charged to attracted to the negative end of the unit
• the agarose gel in negatively charged
• the agarose gel is positively charged

In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear

• closest to the starting wells
• farthest from the starting wells
• three quarters away from the starting wells
• it depends on how many fragments there are

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?

• It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing
• It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample
• It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster
• It charges the DNA strands

Mr. Jones was killed in a car accident.  Afterwards, a former girlfriend filed a paternity suit claiming that Mr. Jones was the father of her child, and thus she was entitled to the man’s estate.  Which sample of DNA would have to be from Mr. Jones if he were the child’s father? 

• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is transformation?

• The use of viruses to transform or genetically

  
  

  engineer cells.

• The measure of how well cells are transformed in a new phenotype.

• The insertion of a foreign plasmid into a bacterial cell which results in new acquired traits.

• Genetic engineering or transformation of mammalian cells.

Cells are made competent by;

• The incubation of the bacteria at 95C

• A process that uses calcium chloride, cold temperatures, and heat shocking.

• A process that uses GFP

• A process that uses polymerases

Which of the following statement is true concerning transformation;

• Bacterial transformation involves the transfer of genetic material that results in the acquisition of a new trait that is stable but not inheritable.

• There are no bacterial species that go thru the transformation process naturally.

• Transformation efficiencies are a way to determine how many cells were transformed per microgram of plasmid DNA used.

• The promoter is the region at the end of the gene .

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Observe the results above. What gene is present in the engineered plasmid?

• kanamycin resistant gene

• ampicillin resistant gene

• tetracycline resistant gene

• No plasmid is necessary to grow on plate 3.

What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?

• To add new nucleotides to the growing strand of DNA.
• To join nucleotides during replication.
• To join nucleotides during transcription.
• To cleave nucleic acids at specific sites.