Ch 18 - European Power and Expansion

What was the root cause of the Thirty Years' War?

• Political upheaval in France

• Conflicts between Catholics and Protestants

• Economic dislocation

• Lutheran-Catholic tensions

What was Louis XIV's military goal in Europe?

• To capture as many trade ports as possible

• To capture England and its colonies in the Americas

• To expand France to what he considered its natural borders

• To take as much territory from Spain as he could

The Glorious Revolution of 1688 brought an end to what in England?

• The hopes for democracy

• The theory of divine right monarchy

• Monarchy

• Privileges for the aristocracy

Between 1673 and 1682, the French explored and occupied what New World territory?

• Louisiana

• Nova Scotia

• Quebec

• Hispaniola

What was the main reason the princes of Moscow were able to expand their power and rule Russia?

• They converted to Orthodox Christianity.

• They possessed superb military prowess and weapons.

• They cooperated with the Mongols.

• They had great wealth and landholdings.

What did the Peace of Augsburg of 1555 establish in the Holy Roman Empire?

• It recognized Catholicism as the only legal religion and outlawed Lutheranism and all other Protestant faiths in the region.

• It declared German to be the national language of the empire.

• It gave princes the right to elect emperors.

• It officially recognized Lutheranism and allowed authorities in each region to decide whether the territory would be Catholic or Lutheran.

What changed for Europeans as a result of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648?

• The treaties that established it ended conflicts fought over religious faith.

• The Holy Roman emperor gained considerable power while the German princes lost influence.

• Calvinism was made illegal in the empire.

• The Augsburg agreement of 1555 was abolished, and Lutheranism was made the only legal religion of the empire.

Why did Spain's overseas empire begin to lose its economic viability?

• Disease killed off its sugar crops.

• Slave rebellions threatened sugar production.

• Its American silver mines ran out of silver.

• Portugal challenged Spain's colonial holdings.

Which group led the commoners to rebel against the French government in the Fronde?

• The landed aristocracy

• Magistrates in Paris

• Intendants

• Women

Louis XIV believed in what political doctrine?

• The one versus the many

• Might makes right

• The divine right of kings

• Republicanism