Behaviorism

innate positive reinforcers that do not have to be acquired through learning (i.e. food, water, and warmth)

• negative reinforcements

• positive reinforcements

• secondary reinforcers

• primary reinforcers

stimulus that can elicit the response without any learning

• classical conditioning

• unconditioned stimulus

• operant conditioning

• conditioned stimulus

Strategy of positively reinforcing behaviors that are successively more similar to desired behaviors

• punishment

• shaping

• conditioning

• learning

Reinforcement that occurs when a behavior is followed by the removal or the avoidance of a negative event and the probability that the behavior will occur as a future result

• positive reinforcement

• negative reinforcement

• operant conditioning

• secondary reinforcement

A form of learning in which a previously neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditional stimulus to elicit a conditioned response that is identical to or very similar to the initial unconditioned response

• fixed interval

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• variable ratio

Any consequence of behavior that leads to an increase in the probability of its occurrence

• primary reinforcers

• positive reinforcement

• negative reinforcement

• learning

cage for animals equipped with a response lever and food tray

• Skinner Box

• Sigmund Freud

Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought through experience

• extinction

• learning

• shaping

• criticism trap

A negative consequence of behavior which leads to a decrease in the frequency of the behavior produces it

• punishment

• variable ratio

• delay of reinforcment

• escape conditioning

learned positive reinforcers, learned through classical conditioning

• negative reinforcment

• secondary reinforcers

• primary reinforcers

• positive reinforcement