PMA Review

The Founding Fathers were influenced by the ideas of John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu. Both of these figures believed in the principle of separation of powers and which other principle?

• natural law

• direct democracy

• martial law

• limited monarchy

Below is a quote from a historical document.

"But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security." Declaration of Independence (1776)

Which of John Locke's influential ideas is being described in the quote?

• Separation of Powers

• Freedom of Religion

• Social Contract

• Rule of Law

What impact did the Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, English Bill of Rights, and Common Sense have on the colonists' views of government?

• They influenced the colonists' belief in self-government, which led to their support for Parliament.

• They influenced the colonists' belief in limited monarchy, which eventually led them to declare their independence from England.

• They influenced the colonists' belief in self-government, which eventually led them to declare their independence from England.

• They influenced the colonists' belief in limited monarchy, which led to their acceptance of King George and Parliament.

Two documents important to democratic government are the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights. What basic political principle do these documents establish?

• Freedom of Worship

• Limited government

• Equality for all citizens

• Voting rights for citizens

Which excerpt from the Declaration of Independence identifies John Locke's ideas of natural rights?

• "That whenever any form of government becomes destructive..."

• "All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights. That among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"

• "When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds that connects it.."

• "It is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and institute new government"

Below is a statement from John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government.

“Government being for the preservation of every man’s right and property, by preserving him from violence or injury of others, is for the good of the governed.”Source: Public Domain

Based on this statement, which of the following statements from the Declaration of Independence would John Locke agree?

• “He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for the purpose of obstructing the Laws of Naturalization of Foreigners…”

• “He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.”

• “He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.”

• “He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.”

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had no power to ensure its laws were followed by the states. How did the U.S. Constitution address the problem?

• It created an executive branch to enforce laws.

• It gave each state sovereign authority over its laws.

• It required the president to resolve disputes between states.

• It required unanimous consent of states to create new laws.

Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation that led to the writing of the Constitution?

• Changes to the Articles of Confederation only required the consent of a majority of the 13 states.

• Changes to the Articles of Confederation required the unanimous consent of all 13 states.

• Changes to the Articles of Confederation required consent from the Capitol.

• Changes to the Articles of Confederation were not permitted by law.

What was the primary fear of the Anti-Federalists?

• They feared states would become too powerful.

• They feared the national government was too weak.

• They feared individuals would have too many rights.

• They feared that a strong national executive might become a dictator.

During ratification of the Constitution, Anti-Federalists demanded the rights below be added to the Constitution in order for them to support the document:

-guarantee of a speedy trial

-freedom from illegal searches and seizures

-right to not have troops quartered in one’s home

Which document guaranteed these rights?

• Bill of Rights

• Federalist Papers

• Anti-Federalist Papers

• Articles of Confederation