Deviance and Social Control

Labeling Theory states that

• most of today's teenagers engage in secondary deviance.

• the definition of deviance often depends on the person who is engaging in the behavior.

• people may reject a goal but still continue to use the legitimate means to achieve it.

• the more time a person spends with a group, the more likely he or she is to conform to that group's behavior.

Which of the following is NOT part of the criminal justice system?

• police

• people who are caught violating the law

• court system

• correctional institutions

The major reason for incarceration is

• people cannot commit crimes if they are in jail.

• people in jail are more likely to make retribution than those who are not.

• people who are incarcerated are less likely to commit future crimes than those who get away with crime without being caught.

• it is the least expensive way of dealing with criminals.

John has been denied a promotion several times at his job. Although he feels he has been treated unfairly and no longer wants the promotion, he goes through the motions of working hard. Which of the following best describes his behavior?

• innovation

• ritualism

• rebellion

• primary deviance

Social control refers to

• the folkways practiced by a society.

• the methods a society uses to promote order and stability.

• the violation of a social sanction.

• the rebellious behavior in which many adolescents engage.

Assume that police in one lower-class neighborhood do not pursue burglary investigations as vigorously as the police in a nearby affluent suburb. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this fact?

• victim discounting

• recidivism

• primary deviance

• white-collar crime

A person is in jail for burglary. Two weeks after he is released, he begins burglarizing homes again and is soon back in prison. This is an example of

• white-collar crime.

• victim discounting.

• recidivism.

• primary deviance.

It is so important to Ron to appear successful to others that he begins stealing goods from the warehouse where he works and reselling them to obtain money. This is an example of

• ritualism.

• rebellion.

• innovation.

• retreatism.

Consider the following statement: "The more you hand around with a group of people who shoplift, the more likely that you will become a shoplifter." Which of the following theories would most strongly agree with this statement?

• control theory

• labeling theory

• retreatism theory

• differential association theory

A plumber has stolen thousands of dollars from individuals by installing substandard plumbing fixtures. The judge says that the plumber must pay for new fixtures for these people's homes. This is an example of

• ritualism

• recidivism

• retribution

• rehabilitation