Unit 7 World History World Revolutions

Social Darwinists in the late 1800s and early 1900s used the philosophy of “survival of the fittest” to justify which national action?

• creating regional trade partnerships

• supporting local humanitarian aid

• legislating progressive political reform

• expanding existing colonial empires

A country desiring to expand its power and wealth by seizing control of another country is engaging in

• capitalism.

• communism.

• militarism.

• imperialism.

Which statement BEST describes the contribution of James Watt to the Industrial Revolution?

• His theories encouraged workers to organize into specialized labor unions.

• His research developed lighting systems used in factories and offices.

• His discoveries helped process raw materials needed to mass produce textiles.

• His power source enabled mass production and distribution of goods.

Which statement BEST describes 19th-century European colonialism in Africa?

• Industrial nations competed for control of natural resources.

• Religious organizations were required to respect local customs.

• Native populations accepted democratic government reforms.

• Large standing armies were needed to maintain public order.

What was one result of the Industrial Revolution?

• Cottage industries were established to meet consumer needs.

• Subsistence farming increased to meet the needs of workers.

• Regulations for a safe working environment slowed production.

• Manufacturing industries created a demand for urban laborers.

Which change was characteristic of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain during the 18th century?

• socialism → capitalism

• water power → steam power

• private schools → public universities

• unskilled labor → skilled labor

Which change resulted from the development of steam engines during the Industrial Revolution?

• Manufacturing costs increased.

• A skilled workforce was needed.

• Artisan guilds became more powerful.

• A reliable energy source became available.

Each of the following was an effect of industrialization EXCEPT

• the emergence of the new middle class.

• an increase of movement to rural areas.

• an increase in the size of the cities.

• poor living and working conditions.

During the Meiji Restoration, Japan’s government enacted reforms to

• limit land ownership to the wealthy.

• end mandatory military service.

• expand the power of parliament.

• modernize the economy of the country.

Nationalism is best defined as

• the achievement of world peace and global understanding

• the desire to take over other societies by force

• a method of solving basic economic problems of the society

• the loyalty of a people to their values, traditions, and a geographic region