North and South Study Guide

What was the U.S. economy based on before the Industrial Revolution? Select ALL that apply.

• manufacturing

• agriculture

• services

• natural resources

How did people’s work change during the first phase of industrialization in the North?

• Workers used machines to make items.

• Workers performed work in factories.

• Workers made one item at a time, from start to finish.

• Workers specialized in smaller tasks.

How did canals and railroads benefit people in the Northeast?

• Goods shipped from the West became cheaper for consumers in the Northeast.

• Northeastern states collected taxes from goods shipped from the West to the Northeast.

• Improvements in transportation allowed workers in the Northeast to work fewer hours.

• Northeasterners gained greater access to foreign goods.

What is a telegraph?

• a code that uses arrangements of short and long signals

• a machine that separates grain from the stalk

• a device that uses electric signals to send messages quickly

• a ship with tall sails and sleek hulls

Which inventions most directly contributed to changing the landscape of the Midwest from prairie to farmland? Select ALL that apply.

• steel-tipped plow

• cotton gin

• telegraph

• mechanical reaper

What forms of discrimination did most African Americans in the North face in the mid-1800s? Select ALL that apply.

• They could not vote

• They could not attend public schools

• They could not go to the best hospitals.

• Many were enslaved.

How were the roles of middle-class men and women divided in the mid-1800s?

• Women went to the workplace, and men were devoted to the home.

• Men went to the workplace, and women were devoted to the home.

• Men and women both went to the workplace and shared duties at home.

• Men worked on farms, and women were devoted to the home.

How did industrialization contribute to the growth of Northern cities in the early 1800s?

• Industrialization made agricultural work less profitable.

• New technology increased life expectancy.

• The federal government forcibly moved Native Americans from the West to the Northeast.

• People moved to the cities to work in the factories.

What was the main reason Irish people immigrated to the United States between 1840 and 1860?

• cheap transatlantic travel

• religious persecution

• civil war

• famine

Where did most immigrants to the United States come from between 1840 and 1860? Select ALL that apply.

• Mexico

• Ireland

• Germany

• Great Britain