Cognitive Approach Quiz #1

In Loftus and Palmer's (1974) study, which verb provided the highest estimate of speed?

• Collided

• Smashed

• Hit

• Bumped

Who conducted a quasi-experiment three years after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in Manhattan and the IV was distance from the event?

• Sharot et al (2007)

• Loftus & Pickrell (1995)

• Loftus & Palmer (1974)

• Kulkofsky et al (2011)

'The tendency to focus on information that supports a pre-existing belief' is an example of...?

• Cognitive Bias

• Framing Effect

• Confirmation Bias

• Heuristics

What was the aim of Bahrick et al's (1975) study?

• Investigate whether the use of leading questions would affect an eyewitness's estimation of speed

• Investigate whether verbal post-event information can be integrated with visual information

• Investigate whether eyewitness accounts get distorted as a function of misleading post-event information

• Investigate the reliability of autobiographical memory over time

Which theory/concept was being tested by Brown and Kulik (1977)?

• Flashbulb Memory

• Leading Questions

• Schema Theory

• Neural Mechanisms in Memory

In this study about 25% of the participants recalled the false memory of getting lost in the mall.

• Sharot et al (2007)

• Loftus & Pickrell (1995)

• Loftus & Palmer (1974)

• Kulkofsky et al (2011)

What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?

• Attention

• Rehearsal

• Retrieval

• Chunking

They found that when participants were asked to recall either by writing a paragraph or by drawing, they were more likely to remember items in the office that were congruent with their schema of an office.

• Brewer & Treyens (1981)

• Milner (1966)

• Neisser & Harsch (1992)

• Bartlett (1932)

Which of the following points is NOT a valid criticism of the multi-store model?

• It isn't supported by any scientific evidence.

• It wrongly emphasizes structure over process.

• It argues that memory works in a linear direction.

• It over emphasizes the importance of rehearsal.

Which of the following components is the odd one out?

• Central Executive

• Sensory Store

• Phonological Loop

• Episodic Buffer