• Appointment of Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor

• Austro-Prussian War, 1866

• Franco-Prussian War, 1870–1871

These events led directly to

• the unification of Germany

• foreign rule in Italy

• the rebellion of the Sepoys

• an alliance between Serbs and Russians

The slogan “Blood and Iron” and a united Germany are most closely associated with

• Prince Metternich

• Simón Bolívar

• Camillo Cavour

• Otto von Bismarck

The unification of Italy and the unification of Germany show that

• socialism was an effective way of organizing the economy

• nationalism could be used to consolidate political interests

• colonialism could be used to spread European civilization

• interdependence was a significant obstacle to waging war

The unification of Germany under Otto von Bismarck demonstrates the

• influence of Marxist ideology

• impact of nationalism

• force of civil disobedience

• power of democratic ideals

One reason Italy and Germany were not major colonial powers in the 16th and 17th centuries was that they

• had self-sufficient economies

• lacked political unity

• rejected the practice of imperialism

• belonged to opposing alliances

Which 19th century ideology led to the unification of Germany and of Italy and to the eventual breakup of Austria-Hungary and of the Ottoman Empire?

• imperialism

• nationalism

• liberalism

• socialism

Before unification, these two German states were the most powerful.

• Paris & Versailles

• Naples & Rome

• Prussia & Austria

• France & Italy

Count Cavour (1810 - 1861), the prime minister of the Italian state of Piedmont, is seen by most historians as the chief architect of Italian unification, Which of the following is true about Cavour and his policies?

• relied on popular nationalist enthusiasm to achieve Italian unification

• favored the creation of an Italian democratic republic

• regarded Austria as the main obstacle to Italian unification

What was NOT a purpose of the Congress of Vienna 1815?

• to place former monarchs back on their thrones

• create a balance of power in Europe after Napoleon's defeat

• to place liberals in power across Europe (democracies)

• to suppress democratic movements across Europe

This kingdom united the north of Italy and drove out the Austrians.

• Piedmont- Sardinia

• Rome

• Sicily

• Austria