Weathering and Erosion

The map below represents a view of a flowing stream. The letters identify locations in the stream near the interface between land and water. At which two locations is erosion due to flowing water likely to be greatest?

• A and D

• A and B

• B and D

• B and C

The diagram below shows three beds of sediment deposited at different times in a quiet body of water. The sediment deposited in each bed is best described as

• sorted mainly according to particle shape

• a mixture of sorted and unsorted particles

• sorted mainly according to particle size

• showing no evidence of sorting

The diagram below represents a river flowing into a large lake on a hot, sunny afternoon in July in New York State. The river is carrying particles ranging in size from cobbles to clay. When water from the river enters the lake, particles of which size will usually settle out first?

• silt

• pebbles

• clay

• cobbles

Transported sediments are usually deposited at locations in which

• the freezing and thawing of water occurs

• an increase in the physical weathering of rocks occurs

• the chemical breakdown of rocks occurs

• a decrease in the speed of the agent of erosion occurs

The rate at which particles are deposited by a stream is LEAST affected by the

• size and shape of the particles

• velocity of the stream

• stream's elevation above sea level

• density of the particles

As the gradient (slope) of a stream increases, the stream's ability to carry sediment

• decreases

• increases

• remains the same

Which is the best example of physical weathering?

• the cracking of rock caused by the freezing and thawing of water

• the transportation of sediment in a stream

• the reaction of limestone with acid rainwater

• the formation of a sandbar along the side of a stream

Which is the best evidence that erosion has occurred?

• a large number of fossils embedded in limestone

• a soil rich in lime on top of a limestone bedrock

• sediments found in a sandbar of a river

• a layer of basalt found on the floor of the ocean

In which type of climate does chemical weathering usually occur most rapidly?

• hot and wet

• cold and wet

• hot and dry

• cold and dry

According to the ESRT, a stream flowing at a velocity of 100 centimeters per second can transport

• silt, sand, and pebbles

• silt, pebbles, or cobbles

• silt, sand, pebbles, and cobbles

• silt and sand, but not pebbles or cobbles