Biology 5.1: Natural Selection

Which of these scenarios describes natural selection?

• Grizzly bears with adaptations will have more offspring than other bears. Over time, these adaptations will become more common in the grizzly bear population.

• A grizzly bear learns to adapt to the environment. Over time, most of the grizzly bears in the population will also learn how to adapt to their environment in this way.

• The environment populated by grizzly bears is very cold in the winter. For this reason, grizzly bears choose to grow thicker, warmer coats of fur.

• The environment has caused grizzly bears to grow warm coats of fur. This allows them to stay warm in the winter and survive in this harsh environment longer than other bears.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

If Easter eggs were living species of organisms, their different colors would be considered:

• Adaptations

• Variations

• Different species

• Extinct species

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What do we call an inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.

• variation

• adaptation

• vestigial structure

• mutation

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Body parts of organisms that have a similar structure and position but different function.

• embryos

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

• vestigial structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Body parts that have lost their original function.

• embryos
• homologous structures
• analogous structures
• vestigial structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Natural selection was proposed by what scientist?

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Steven Hawking

• Isaac Newton

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

The fossil record help scientists

• better understand the kinds of organisms that lived in the past

• better understand how the environment has changed over time

• better understand how organisms have evolved over time

• all of the above

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk
• the hind limbs of a house cat
• the fins of sharks
• the tailbone of a human

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The most recent ancestral form or species from which two different species evolved is known as ________________________.

• a common ancestor.
• an embryonic stage.
• development.
• evolution.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

In which geological layer would you expect to find the oldest fossil?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3