Grade 7 The Environment and Change Over Time

Who established that all species of life descended over time from common ancestors?

• Albert Einstein

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Robert Hooke

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_______ are unique traits developed by organisms to help them survive, thrive, and reproduce in their particular environment.

• cells

• mutations

• chromosomes

• adaptations

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Natural selection is defined as

• the changes in the characteristics within a population that lead to survival.

• the process by which humans select the most desirable organisms in a population.

• the changes that occur in a population that do not affect survival.

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How long does it take for a species to change?

• A few years

• Hours

• A very long time

• A month or two

Which is a behavioral adaptation?

• migration

• sharp claws

• long neck

• thorns

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Which is a physical adaptation?

• migration

• hibernation

• gills

• burying eggs in sand

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Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

• Cricket frogs prefer to sleep during the day, while red-eyed tree frogs prefer to sleep during the night.

• Pesticides are sprayed in a field, resulting in an increase in crop growth and a decrease in insect population.

• Rabbits with a mutation for longer, thicker fur survive an unusually cold winter, while many normal rabbits do not survive.

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An inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of its species is called (can be good or bad) --

• an adaptation
• a variation
• species
• natural selection

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What determines how closely related two species are?

• how recently they shared a common ancestor
• how closely they live to each other
• the carbon outline of the organism
• the relative order in the fossil record

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Studying the relationship between organisms by comparing their structures

• biological evolution
• fossil record
• comparative anatomy 
• variation