The human X and Y chromosomes

include genes that determine an individualʹs sex.

are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike.

include only genes that govern sex determination.

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

Each cell has 8 homologous pairs.

The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell.

Which of these statements is false ?

At sexual maturity, ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis.

In humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal chromosome

In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY).

Single, haploid ( n ) sets of chromosomes in ovum and sperm unite during fertilization, forming a diploid (2 n ), single-celled zygote.

Which of the following is an example of alternation of generations ?

A diploid plant (sporophyte) produces, by meiosis, a spore that gives rise to a multicellular, haploid pollen grain (gametophyte).

A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis, and the gametes undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote.

The karyotype of one species of primate has 48 chromosomes. In a particular female, cell division goes awry and she produces one of her eggs with an extra chromosome (25). The most probable source of this error would be a mistake in which of the following?

Telophase II of one meiotic event

A given organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. We can therefore conclude which of the following?

Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes.

It must be sexually reproducing.

A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes . If a cell of a usually diploid species with 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following?

63 chromosomes, each with three chromatids

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.

haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid.

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I ?

Homologous chromosomes are separated.

Sister chromatids are separated.

A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically different .

The statement is true for meiosis I only.

The statement is true for mitosis only.

The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.

Homologous chromosomes synapse and crossing over occurs.

The statement is true for meiosis I only.

The statement is true for mitosis only.

The statement is true for meiosis II only.

Chromatids are separated from each other.

The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.

The statement is true for mitosis only.

The statement is true for meiosis I only.

The statement is true for meiosis II only.

Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs.

The statement is true for meiosis I only.

The statement is true for mitosis only.

A tetrad includes which of the following sets of DNA strands?

Two sets of sister chromatids that have synapsed

Two single-stranded chromosomes that have synapsed

If a female of this species has one chromosome 12 with a blue gene and another chromosome 12 with an orange gene, she will produce which of the following egg types?

1/2 blue and 1/2 orange gene eggs

How does the sexual life cycle increase the genetic variation in a species?

By decreasing mutation frequency

By allowing independent assortment of chromosomes

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of

the random and independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I.

the random nature of the fertilization of ova by sperm.

When pairs of homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I

the sister chromatids remain attached to one another

the maternal chromosomes all move to the same daughter cell.

Natural selection and r ecombination due to crossing over during meiosis I are related in which of the following ways?

Recombinants may have combinations of traits that are favored by natural selection.

Recombinants are usually selected against.

Recombination does not affect natural selection.

Pea plants were particularly well suited for use in Mendelʹs breeding experiments for all of the following reasons except that

peas have an unusually long generation time.

peas show easily observed variations in a number of characters, such as pea shape and flower color.

it is possible to control matings between different pea plants.

it is possible to obtain large numbers of progeny from any given cross.

What is the difference between a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross ?

A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are heterozygous for two characters and a monohybrid only one.

A monohybrid cross is performed for one generation, whereas a dihybrid cross is performed for two generations.

A cross between homozygous purple-flowered and homozygous white-flowered pea plants results in offspring with purple flowers . This demonstrates

the blending model of genetics.

The F 1 offspring of Mendelʹs classic pea cross always looked like one of the two parental varieties because

one phenotype was completely dominant over another.

each allele affected phenotypic expression.

the traits blended together during fertilization.

What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants?

Traits are inherited in discrete units, and are not the results of ʺblending.ʺ

There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas.

Recessive genes occur more frequently in the F 1 than do dominant ones.

Two plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 3:1 ratio for a particular trait. This suggests

that the parents were both heterozygous

that the parents were true-breeding for contrasting traits.

Two characters that appear in a 9:3:3:1 ratio in the F 2 generation should have which of the following properties?

The genes controlling the characters obey the law of independent assortment.

Each of the traits is controlled by single genes.

It was important that Mendel examined not just the F 1 generation in his breeding experiments, but the F 2 generation as well, because

parental traits that were not observed in the F 1 reappeared in the F 2 .

he obtained very few F 1 progeny, making statistical analysis difficult.

Mendel accounted for the observation that traits which had disappeared in the F 1 generation reappeared in the F 2 generation by proposing that

traits can be dominant or recessive, and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F 1 .

the mechanism controlling the appearance of traits was different between the F 1 and the F 2 plants.

Which of the following about the law of segregation is false ?

It is a method that can be used to determine the number of chromosomes in a plant.

It can be used to predict the likelihood of transmission of certain genetic diseases within families.

It can account for the 3:1 ratio seen in the F 2 generation of Mendelʹs crosses.

The fact that all seven of the pea plant traits studied by Mendel obeyed the principle of independent assortment most probably indicates which of the following?

All of the genes controlling the traits behaved as if they were on different chromosomes.

None of the traits obeyed the law of segregation.

The diploid number of chromosomes in the pea plants was 7.

Mendel was able to draw his ideas of segregation and independent assortment because of the influence of which of the following?

His experiments with the breeding of plants such as peas

His reading and discussion of Darwinʹs Origin of Species

AP Biology Unit 5: Heredity REVIEW

12th Grade

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90 Qs

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AP Biology Unit 5: Heredity REVIEW

Quiz

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Biology

•

12th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Medium

•

NGSS

HS-LS3-2, HS-LS3-1, HS-LS3-3

Standards-aligned

Claryliz Peralta

Used 28+ times

FREE Resource

90 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

What is a genome?

The complete complement of an organismʹs genes

A specific set of polypeptides within each cell

Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?

Genes correspond to segments of DNA.

Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.

During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg.

One gene only is used in a specific cell type.

Asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction differ in all but which of the following ways?

Individuals reproducing asexually transmit 100% of their genes to their progeny, whereas individuals reproducing sexually transmit only 50%.

Asexual reproduction is utilized only by fungi and protists, whereas sexual reproduction is utilized only by plants and animals.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits.

Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one

Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker traits

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs?

Natural selection

Mutation

Crossing over

A geneʹs location along a chromosome is known as which of the following?

Allele

Sequence

Locus

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

What is a karyotype?

The combination of chromosomes found in a gamete

A display of every pair of homologous chromosomes within a cell, organized according to size and shape

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90 questions

What is a genome?

Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?

Asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction differ in all but which of the following ways?

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs?

A geneʹs location along a chromosome is known as which of the following?

What is a karyotype?

At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?

The human X and Y chromosomes

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

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