Context Clues Learning Board Summative Assessment

In paragraph 4, what does the word notoriously mean?

• Frequently traveled

• Hard to locate

• Recognized in a negative way

• Viewed from a distance

The organizers of the expedition created “penguin etiquette” most likely to —

• limit the interaction between the penguins and the visitors

• minimize possible negative effects of visitors on the penguin habitat

• create awareness among the visitors about the challenges penguins face

• boost visitors’ chances of observing tens of thousands of penguins each day

Part A: What does the word attributed mean as it is used in paragraph 1 of “What Is an Epic?”

• acknowledged as traditional in a given culture

• regarded as having been created by someone or something

• supported and inspired by supernatural powers

• named after or in honor of someone or something

Part A: What does the word attributed mean as it is used in paragraph 1 of “What Is an Epic?”

Part B: Which words from the article help the reader understand the word attributed?

• “. . . the accepted practice of poets . . . .” (paragraph 1)

• “. . . who promoted and patronized the arts and sciences.” (paragraph 1)

• “. . . the two epic poems credited to Homer . . . .” (paragraph 2)

• “. . . passed from generation to generation . . . .” (paragraph 2)

Part A: What is the meaning of the word sarcasm as it is used in paragraph 18 of the passage from Confetti Girl?

• a remark indicating mockery and annoyance

• a response that is meant to be taken literally

• an answer that indicates confusion or skepticism

• an observation that is silly and childish

Part A: What is the meaning of the word sarcasm as it is used in paragraph 18 of the passage from Confetti Girl?

Part B: Which quotation from the passage helps clarify the meaning of sarcasm?

• “‘Super . . . super . . . super something. Can’t remember.’” (paragraph 15)

• “‘It could have been super-duper or super-loop for all I care.’” (paragraph 17)

• “‘So did I tell you we’re having a book sale for our next fundraiser?’” (paragraph 20)

• “‘Yes, that’s it. But I left it in my locker. I guess I can’t do my homework.’” (paragraph 24)

Part A: What does the phrase anecdotal observations mean as it is used in paragraph 2?

• a method of recording an event using special processes

• a perspective on a subject area that reveals its inner significance

• a description of an event that lacks seriousness and seeks to entertain through humor

• a report that is somewhat unreliable because it is based on a personal account

Part A: What does the phrase anecdotal observations mean as it is used in paragraph 2?

Part B: Which sentence from paragraph 1 provides the best evidence for the answer to Part A?

• “Elephants, both African and Asian, have long been considered empathetic animals.”

• “But it’s one thing to witness something that looks like consolation, and another to prove that this is what elephants are doing.”

• “Now, scientists have shown that Asian elephants do indeed get distressed when they see others in trouble, and they reach out to console them—just as we do when we see someone suffering.”

• “Elephants, thus, join a short list of other animals, including great apes, canines, and some birds, that scientists have shown to reassure others.”

Read the following sentence from the section “Loneliness And Isolation Associated With Health Problems.”

Something as simple as a supportive phone call can help strengthen the body's immune system, which helps the body fight germs and viruses.

Why did the author use the word "simple"?

• to highlight that most human connections are unimportant

• to highlight that even small connections make a big impact

• to suggest that more complex interactions will cause stress

• to suggest that the help given by a phone call lasts a short time

Read the following selection from the section “Fight Or Flight Response.”

Nowadays, loneliness causes the body to be in a state of unease, including high blood pressure and blood sugar. If this state persists for too long, it can cause long-term health problems like diabetes and heart disease.

Which answer choice is the BEST definition of the word “persists” as used in the selection?

• continues

• survives

• justifies

• labors