AP Biology Unit 5.5 & 5.6 Note Check

Phenotype _____________ means that a phenotype can be influenced or changed by environmental stimuli

• expression

• plasticity

• mutation

Which of the following illustrates phenotype plasticity? Check all that apply:

• Sun-tanning darkens the skin

• Exercise strengthens and tones muscle

• Nutrition influences height and weight

• Seasonal changes influence fur color of the arctic fox

• Temperature determines gender in some turtle species

One source of genetic variation is when two alleles for each gene separate during gamete formation. This is known as:

• Segregation

• Independent Assortment

• Random Fertilization

One source of genetic variation is when male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. This is known as:

• Segregation

• Independent Assortment

• Random Fertilization

One source of genetic variation is when alleles of genes on nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently during gamete formation. This is known as:

• Segregation

• Independent Assortment

• Random Fertilization

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The chromosomal basis of inheritance helps us understand how genes are transmitted from:

• somatic cells to gametes

• gametes to somatic cells

• parent to offspring

• offspring to parent

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which of the following best explains why Sickle Cell Anemia affects Africans with higher frequency?

• Homozygotic Advantage - Individuals who are homozygous for Sickle Cell Anemia are more likely to survive malaria

• Heterozygotic Advantage - Individuals who are heterozygous for Sickle Cell Anemia are more likely to survive malaria

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Cystic Fibrosis follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and results in a defective or absent type of chloride transport protein. This is caused by:

• nondisjunction

• a single mutated allele

• trisomy

• monosomy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Down Syndrome (trisomy 21) results from an extra copy of chromosome #21. This can be caused by:

• nondisjunction

• translocation

• a single mutated allele

• nonsense mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following describe how nondisjunction can occur during meiosis? Check all that apply:

• Crossing over fails to occur during Meiosis

• A mutation occurs on an individual allele

• Homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during Meiosis 1

• Sister chromatids fail to separate properly during Meiosis 2