7A Which numbered location on the phylogenetic tree identifies characteristics shared by Species B, C, and D?

• Location 1

• Location 2

• Location 3

• Location 4

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

7B Two scientists studied patterns of evolution in the fossil record. Many species they analyzed showed periods of slow changes interrupted by a period of rapid change. This pattern of periods of slow change interrupted by periods of rapid change with few, if any transitional fossils, best describes the theory of —

• natural selection

• genetic drift

• punctuated equilibrium

• gene flow

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

7D 1 Blue flying fish live in the upper layers of the ocean. Blue flying fish have enlarged pectoral fins that enable them to glide for 400 meters above the ocean surface and appear to fly. Which statement best describes how natural selection led to enlarged pectoral fins in blue flying fish?

• Fish were able to glide out of the ocean and into other bodies of water to mate with other species.

• Fish were able to live both on land and in the water as a result of their larger pectoral fins.

• Fish with enlarged pectoral fins were able to glide out of the ocean to escape predators, increasing their fitness.

• Fish changed their DNA to express enlarged pectoral fins, changing the allele frequency of the population.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

7E Green anoles are lizards that can change their skin color rapidly in response to various stimuli. This adaptation is the result of —

• selective breeding of lizards by humans

• beneficial traits passed from parents to offspring

• geographic isolation that prevented genetic mutation

• environmental pollutants that changed their genotype

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

7E Most animals avoid eating monarch butterflies due to their bad taste. Viceroy butterflies look very similar to the monarchs. Which of these best explains how the viceroy butterfly benefits from looking like the monarch butterfly?

• Viceroy butterflies are able to reproduce with the monarch butterflies.

• Viceroy butterflies are able to deter predators in the same way as the monarch butterflies.

• Viceroy butterflies are able to follow the migratory patterns of the monarch butterflies.

• Viceroy butterflies are able to find additional sources of food used by the monarch butterflies.

7F Cross-pollination of flowers from different populations of the same species will most likely result in —

• gene flow as new alleles are introduced

• evolution of a different species as alleles mix

• hybrid sterility as gametes from different individuals are incompatible

• a decrease of genetic variation among individuals

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

8A Why is it important to assign each organism a scientific name?

• Each scientific name applies to only one species, making it universally identifiable to scientists.

• Each scientific name allows scientists to better study the behavior of an organism.

• The scientific name allows scientists to develop common names for organisms.

• The scientific name describes how an individual looks relative to others of the same genus.

8B Which mollusk moves by jet propulsion and does not have an external shell?

• Squid

• Slug

• Nautilus

• Snail

8B Based on this table, which explanation best describes why elk and fallow deer are classified in the same genus?

• They are both in family Cervidae and share a more recent common ancestor

• They mate and produce fertile offspring.

• They live in similar habitats.

• They are both in kingdom Animalia and have similar diets.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

8C Which characteristic do all organisms in Kingdoms Animalia, Protista, and Fungi have in common?

• They are prokaryotic.

• They are eukaryotic.

• They are unicellular.

• They are multicellular.