Unit 5 AP Psych Cognitive Psychology

Directs attention purposefully to something important, ignores irrelevant stimuli =

• Selective attention

• Divided attention

• Inattentional blindness

• Change blindness

Directs attention purposefully to something important, ignores irrelevant stimuli =

• Selective attention

• Divided attention

• Inattentional blindness

• Change blindness

On a fishing trip, Ed realizes that he has mistakenly packed the sewing box instead of the tackle box. He wants to fish but returns home because he does not have any lines or hooks. Ed’s failure to realize that sewing thread can be used as fishing line and that a bent needle can be used as a hook is an example of

• Cognitive accommodation
• Backward masking
• Functional fixedness
• Proactive interference

A prototype is best defined as

• An example of habituation
• An example of bottom-up processing
• The hypothetical “most typical” instance of a category
• An essential element of category membership

The cognitive theory of depression states that depression results from

• Anger directed toward the self and significant others
• An excess of certain neurotransmitters in the brain
• Maladaptive interpretations of life events
• Oral fixations from disturbed mother-infant relationships

A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying

• Computational learning
• Paired-associate learning
• Hypothetical thinking
• Divergent thinking

Metacognition refers to

• Amnesia
• Mental retardation
• Artificial intelligence
• Thinking about thinking

A(n) ________ is an abstract unit of thought that represents an object or a quality.

• concept
• image
• heuristic
• rule

A rule-of-thumb problem-solving strategy is a(n) _____________________.

• a heuristic
• an "ideal" solution
• vicarious problem solving
• an algorithmic strategy

As in the 'stuck truck' problem, people develop a(n) __________________, which is using the same strategy or pattern to solve similar problems. 

• functional fixedness
• mental set
• stuck thinking
• confirmation bias