5/8 - Invasive Species/Carbon Cycle Review

The governments of many countries have regulations that are designed to prevent the accidental introduction of nonnative insects into their countries. This is because, in these new habitats, the nonnative insects might

• become food for birds

• not survive a cold winter

• not have natural predators

• add to the biodiversity

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The brown tree snake was accidentally introduced to the island of Guam during World War II. Since then, this snake has caused the extinction of twelve native bird species by eating their eggs and young.

One negative result of this snake's introduction was most likely

• an increase in diversity as new species evolved to replace extinct species

• an increase in mosquitoes due to an increase in bird species in the environment

• a disruption of food chains and food webs in Guam's ecosystems

• an abundance of brown tree snakes as a good source for humans

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The northern snakehead is a type of Asian fish that eats smaller fish and is adapted to a freshwater habitat.

The presence of these fish in American waters is of concern because it might offer too much competition to native

• herbivores

• predators

• decomposers

• producers

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An invasive species, the spiny water flea, was recently found in a New York lake. These water fleas eat zooplankton, a food also consumed by native fishes. The fleas spread from lake to lake by attaching to fishing lines, anchor ropes, and boats. Which statement best describes the effect of the water flea on the lake?

• It will not compete with animals in the local food chain.

• It will feed on organisms that are important to other species.

• The number of water fleas will decrease due to a lack of food.

• There will be no effect on native species in the lake.

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Rabbits are not native to Australia. They were imported by European settlers. In 1936, the myxoma virus was introduced into Australia as a means of biological control to infect and reduce the rabbit population. This method of controlling the rabbit population was an attempt to

• stop the overpopulation of a native species

• stop the overproduction of an introduced species

• limit the food sources of the rabbit

• limit the number of rabbits brought into the country

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The hemlock wooly adelgid is an invasive insect species that is destroying native hemlock trees in New York State. These insects can upset natural ecosystems because they

• provide food for native bird species

• can carry diseases that can be spread to pets

• increase biodiversity in New York State forests

• disrupt habitats that native species depend upon

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In 1960, an invasive species of fish was introduced into the stable ecosystem of a river. Since then, the population of a native fish species has declined. This situation is an example of an

• ecosystem that has recovered

• ecosystem altered through the activities of an organism

• environmental impact caused by physical factors

• ecological niche without competition

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Carbon dioxide and oxygen are important resources in ecosystems and are

• recycled through the activity of living and nonliving systems

• stored in the animals of the ecosystem

• lost due to the activities of decomposers

• released by the process of photosynthesis

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The diagram below represents a cycling of materials.

Which answer combination shows the substances represented by X and Y?

• X: oxygen Y: carbon dioxide

• X: glucose Y: oxygen

• X: carbon dioxide Y: oxygen

• X: amino acid Y: carbon dioxide

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Millions of acres of tropical rain forest are being destroyed each year. Which change would most likely occur over time if the burning and clearing of these forests were stopped?

• an increase in the amount of atmospheric pollution produced

• a decrease in the source of new medicines

• an increase in the amount of oxygen released into the atmosphere

• a decrease in the number of species

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