Classification and Evolution

Which species in the chart below is most likely to have the fastest rate of evolution?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Certain insects resemble the bart of the trees on which they live. Which statement provides a possible biological explanation for this resemblance?

• The lack of mutations resulted in protective coloration.

• Natural selection played a role in the development of this protective coloration.

• The trees caused mutations in the insects that resulted in the protective coloration.

• The insects needed camoflauge so they developed protective coloration.

The similarities of the bones labeled A in the diagram below provide evidence that

• all structural characteristics are the same in animals

• the cells of the bones contain the same type of mutations

• all species have one kind of bone structure

• the organisms may have evolved from a common ancestor

To determine evolutionary relationships between organisms, a comparison would most likely be made between all of the characteristic below except,

• number of their ATP molecules

• methods of reproduction

• structure of protein molecules present

• sequences of DNA molecules

Species of bacteria can evolve more quickly than species of mammals because bacteria have

• more chromosomes

• less competition

• lower mutation rates

• higher rates of reproduction

A species in a changing environment would have the best chance of survival as a result of a mutation that has a

• high adaptive value and occurs in skin cells

• low adaptive value and occurs in gametes

• low adaptive value and occurs in skin cells

• high adaptive value and occurs in gametes

The graph shows the percent variation for a given trait in 4 different populations of the same species in similar environments.

In which population will the greatest number of individuals most likely survive if a significant environmental change related to the trait occurs?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

When antibiotics were first developed, most infectious diseases could be controlled by them. Today certain bacteria are resistant to many antibiotics. One explanation for this is

• the bacteria needed to change in order to produce more antibiotics

• some of the bacteria learned how to resist the antibiotics

• antibiotics have become weaker over the years

• the antibiotics killed most of the bacteria that did not have a genetic variation for resistance

The 2 part naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus is known as

• unilateral nomenclature

• binomial nomenclature

• diannual latin

• Genus Latin

The diagram below represents possible evolutionary relationships. Which statement is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from the diagram.

• Sponges were the last new species to appear on Earth.

• Snails appeared before corals.

• Earthworms and sea stars have a common ancestor.

• Insects are more complex than mammals.