Immune System

What is the function of the immune system?

• To carry Oxygen, water and nutrients to the cells and remove CO₂ and waste from the cells.

• To control the movement of the body by sending and receiving electrical impulses.

• To protect the body from foreign invading pathogens that may make the body ill.

• To make gametes that will be used for future creation and development of a zygote.

What is considered a pathogen?

• A foreign invader of the types: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protists.

• A foreign disease of the types: Arthritis, Salmonella, heart disease, gout.

• An illness of the body caused by cancer, allergies, dehydration or dementia.

• A foreign particle that gets inside your body of the types: antibodies, antivirals, vaccines or antibiotics.

What is considered as your body's FIRST line of defense?

• Your inflammatory response

• The antibodies you were born with that your mother gave you in utero and through breastmilk.

• The attack performed by B cells and T cells against pathogens.

• Your skin and mucous membranes.

What is another general name given to white blood cells?

• Lymphocytes

• Erythrocytes

• Bryophytes

• Sporophytes

If a pathogen is able to penetrate your skin, how does your body react to it next? What is the SECOND line of defense?

• Reaction causes an inflammatory response, with extra fluid and heat to the invaded area.

• Reaction causes B cells to mark the pathogen for destruction.

• Reaction causes Helper T cells to call more white blood cells.

• T cells arrive at the point of entrance of the pathogen to engulf and destroy it.

What type of white blood cell helps the non-specific second line of defense?

• Helper T cells

• Cytotoxic T cells

• B cells

• Macrophages

Where are B Lymphocytes (B cells) made?

• In the Thymus

• In the Bone Marrow

• In the Lymph Nodes

• In the Brain

What to B cells produce?

• Antibiotics

• Antivirals

• Antigens

• Antibodies

What is an antigen?

• It is a protein present on the outside of pathogens that is unique to them

• It is a protein produced by B cells that sticks to pathogens and immobilize them.

• It is a treatment given to patients to fight off pathogenic infections.

• It is a chemical produced by killer T cells that destroy infected cells in our body.

B cells and T cells for part of which line of defense?

• First line of defense

• Second line of defense

• Third line of defense

• Fourth line of defense