Who commanded the Red Army during the Russian Civil War?

• Felix Dzerzhinsky

• Joseph Stalin

• Vladimir Lenin

• Leon Trotsky

Which of the following statements best describes the White armies?

• A loose alliance of anti-Bolshevik forces who lacked an agreed vision of Russia’s future

• A loose alliance of pro-Bolshevik forces organised by the Socialist Revolutionaries

• A close alliance of anti-Bolshevik forces under the overall command of General Anton Denikin, who planned to install a military dictatorship

• A loose alliance of anti-Bolshevik forces who planned to restore the Tsar to the throne

Which of the following was not a contributing factor to the Red victory in the Russian Civil War?

• The Reds had more experienced generals and officers than the Whites

• The Reds controlled the railway networks, which made transporting and supplying troops easier

• The Reds controlled important industrial centres, like Petrograd and Moscow, which could supply their forces

• The Reds controlled central Russia, which made it easier to engage in mass conscription

The majority of Red Army soldiers were:

• Conscripted peasants

• Volunteer peasants

• Volunteer industrial workers

• Conscripted industrial workers

Which of the following statements best describes how Bolshevik leaders like Lenin, Trotsky and Dzerzhinsky viewed the use of violence and terror?

• They viewed the use of violence and terror as regrettable, but justified if it was necessary to defend the revolution

• They were violent psychopaths who personally enjoyed using violence and instilling fear

• They fully embraced the use of violence as the most effective means of defending the revolution and destroying counter-revolutionary threats

• They avoided violence and terror where possible, and relied on persuasion to achieve their goals

The Decree on Red Terror (5 September 1918) granted the Cheka all of the following powers, except for:

• Carry out summary executions of counter-revolutionaries, without trial

• Operate tribunals which would review the cases of accused counter-revolutionaries

• Intern possible counter-revolutionaries in concentration camps

• Conduct mass arrests, even without any evidence of criminal activity

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the Red Terror?

• To instil fear and obedience into the Russian population through random violence

• To suppress the rebellious peasantry and ensure the success of grain requisitioning

• To smash the nobility and destroy all remnants of the old regime

• To defeat the counter-revolutionary White Armies

Approximately how many ‘counter-revolutionaries’ were executed by the Cheka during the Red Terror?

• 50,000

• 200,000

• 1.5 million

• 5 million

Though which province did Lenin re-enter Russia?

• Finland

• Lithuania

• Latvia

• Estonia

Which nation helped Lenin to return to Russia in 1917?

• Britain

• France

• Austria

• Germany