Elements of an Argument

An article or speech that makes a claim

• Claim

• Pathos

• Logos

• Argument

The emotional appeals an author or speaker

uses to persuade the audience

• Argument

• Purpose

• Reason

• Pathos

The support the author or speaker gives about

why he/she believes the claim

• Purpose

• Evidence

• Reasons

• Claim

The facts, anecdotes, quotes and supporting

information that prove the claim is true

• Counterarguments

• Reasons

• Evidence

• Claim

What the author or speaker attempts to show

is true

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Claim

• Evidence

The speaker or writer’s intention; to persuade,

inform, or entertain

• Argument

• Purpose

• Reason

• Evidence

The author's or speaker’s response to those

who disagree with him/her

• Tone

• Argument

• Counterargument

• Claim

The author’s or speaker’s credibility and

trustworthiness that can help to persuade the audience.

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos

• Kairos

The attitude of the speaker or author

• Ethos

• Claim

• Reasons

• Tone

Facts and reasonable arguments that the author uses to persuade the audience

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos

• Kairos