Rise of Nationalism in Europe - Q2

How was the process of German unification completed and who was proclaimed the ruler?

• After many wars, Kaiser William became the ruler

• After 3 wars fought over 7 years with Austria, Denmark and France, Kaiser William I became the ruler of a unified Germany.

• The Germans defeated the Habsburg Empire and made Kaiser William I the ruler

• Otto von Bismarck became the ruler after defeating France

Garibaldi contributed to the Italian unification by

• Declaring Victor Emmanuel as the king of united Italy in 1860

• Conquering Papal states in 1860.

• Conquering two Sicilies and South Italy in 1860.

Some historians consider Great Britain as a model of the nation state because

• It was created after a long-drawn-out wars and political struggle

• It became a nation-state after forcing Scotland, Wales and Ireland to submit to it.

• It was not the result of a sudden upheaval or revolution, but the result of a long-drawn-out process.

• All the options

Under the British dominance, Scotland suffered because of

• Systematic suppression of its cultural and political institutions

• The Catholics of Scottish Highlands were ruthlessly suppressed and lost independence

• Denial to speak their Gaelic language or wear their national dress

• All the Options

Ireland suffered under the British, because :

• English helped the Protestants in Ireland to dominate the Catholics who were in a majority

• Catholics’ revolts against the British were suppressed.

• Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801, after the failure of Wolfe Tone revolt in 1798

• All the Options

The symbols of the new ‘British nation’ were :

• The British flag (Union Jack) and the British national anthem (God Save the King).

• The English language and domination of English culture

• Subordination of the older nations

The artists of the 18th and 19th centuries personified a nation as :

• A particular woman to represent the nation

• A female figure

• A female figure as an allegory, to represent an abstract idea of a nation in concrete form

• All the Options

Who painted ‘Germania’ and for what occasion?

• Artist Phillip Veit painted it to celebrate the unification of Germany

• Phillip Veit painted it to hang from the ceiling of St Paul’s where the Frankfurt Parliament was held in 1848.

• Phillip Veit painted it to celebrate Bismarck’s victory

• All the options

Phillip Veit used the following in his painting as symbols (i) Broken chains,(ii) Sword (iii) Olive branch round the sword and (iv) Rays of the rising sun. They symbolised :

• (i) Heroism, (ii) readiness to fight (iii) strength (iv) hope

• (i) Freedom (ii) strength (iii) readiness to fight

  (iv) Beginning of a new era

• (i) Freedom (ii) readiness to fight (iii) willingness to make peace (iv) beginning of a new era

• (i) Heroism (ii) courage (iii) readiness to fight (iv) hope

A map celebrating the British Empire depict British domination of the world as :

• Britannia (symbol of British nation) sitting triumphantly over the globe

• Britannia surrounded by tigers, elephants, forests symbolising the colonies

• Angels carrying banner of freedom

• Through pictures of primitive people