AP Psych B - Unit 7 - Motivation, Emotion, & Personality

Which theory explains that physiological needs create an aroused state that motivates an organism to reduce the need?

• Instinct theory

• Drive-reduction theory

• Achievement motivation

• Arousal theory

• Hierarchy of needs

Attempts to control social behavior by using the punishing effects of isolation is an example of

• attachment disorder.

• ostracism.

• exploitation.

• wanting to belong.

• conforming.

Which theory explains why, even when our biological needs are satisfied, we may still feel driven to experience stimulation?

• Incentive

• Homeostasis

• Instinct

• Arousal theory

• Physiology

Why does further weight loss come slowly following a rapid loss during the initial three weeks of a rigorous diet?

• The number of fat cells makes further weight loss impossible.

• When a person’s hunger increases, metabolism increases.

• When an obese person’s set point has been reached, weight loss increases dramatically.

• The body reacts as if it’s being starved and metabolic rates drop.

• An obese person cannot maintain a rigorous weight loss diet.

Research on semistarvation found that men who were given just enough food to stabilize their weight at 25 percent below their starting weight

• became obsessed with physical exercise.

• were more interpersonally outgoing.

• showed increases in mental cognition.

• were in a state of homeostasis.

• lost interest in social activities.

Which of the following is the best biological explanation for why the human body stores fat?

• Fat signals affluence and social status.

• Fat is a fuel reserve during periods when food is scarce.

• Fat is a display of abundant food sources.

• Fat keeps the body warm in winter climates.

• Fat combats the global epidemic of diabetes.

What do we call a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior?

• Incentive

• Refractory period

• Emotion

• Motivation

• Instinct

Which of the following actions is a violation of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

• A person who moves to a new city gets an apartment before beginning to make friends.

• A very hungry reality show contestant searches for food before trying to win a competition.

• A professor spends time socially with her colleagues before she works on her own research.

• An artist works to win a local award before spending time on his own personal projects.

• An athlete follows a “no pain, no gain” motto rather than stopping for rest and nourishment.

What term refers to the ability of the body’s physiological processes to maintain a balanced or constant internal state?

• Hierarchy of needs

• Basal metabolic rate

• Homeostasis

• Instinct

• Motivation

A person who eats excessively and never seems to feel full may have which of the following conditions?

• Tumor in the hypothalamus

• Too much insulin

• Stomach ulcer

• Stomach bypass surgery

• Too much of the hormone PYY