Psychology: Unit 4 Memory Study Guide Review

The three steps in memory information processing are

• input, processing, output
• input, storage, output
• input, storage, retrieval
• encoding, storage, retrieval

The process of getting information out of memory storage is called

• encoding
• retrieval
• rehearsal
• storage

The first thing Karen did when she discovered that she had misplaced her keys was to re-create in her mind the day's events. That she had little difficulty in doing so illustrates

• automatic processing
• effortful processing
• state-dependent memory
• priming

The spacing effect means that

• retention is improved when encoding and retrieval are separated by no more than 1 hour
• learning causes a reduction in the size of the synaptic gap between certain neurons
• delaying retrieval until memory has consolidated improves recall
• distributed study yields better retention than cramming

According to the serial position effect, when recalling a list of words you should have the greatest difficulty with those

• at the beginning of the list
• at the end of the list
• in the middle of the list
• at the end and in the middle of the list

One way to increase the amount of information in memory is to group it into larger, familiar units. This process is referred to as

• consolidating
• chunking
• organization
• encoding

Our short-term memory span is approximately ________ items.

• 2
• 5
• 7
• 10

Memory for skills is called

• explicit memory
• declarative memory
• implicit memory
• prime memory

Mr. Flanagan, a retired electrician, can easily remember how to wire a light switch, but he cannot remember the name of the president of the United States. Evidently, Mr. Flanagan's ________ memory is better than his ________ memory.

• implicit; explicit
• explicit; implicit
• declarative; nondeclarative
• explicit; declarative

Amnesia victims typically have experienced damage to the ________ of the brain.

• frontal lobes
• cerebellum
• thalamus
• hippocampus