Elements and Principles of Arts

A path made by moving point through space. It is one-dimensional and can vary in width, direction and length

• Space

• Shape

• Form

• Line

A flat enclosed area that has two dimensions, length and width.

• Space

• Shape

• Texture

• Line

Objects that are three-dimensional having length, width and height.

• Form

• Shape

• Lines

• Value/Tone

Refers to the use of light and dark colors in a piece of art

• Value/Tone

• Shape

• Texture

• Form

Use of various pigments and dyes to create a range of different hues which the viewer’s eyes and brain interpret as colors.

• Value/Tone

• Color

• Form

• Texture

Refers to the repetition of a motif or elements of arts (lines, shapes, colors, etc.) at regular or irregular intervals.

• Balance

• Emphasis

• Rhythm

• Proportion

When an extraordinary or a different line, color, or shape is placed in the midst of a regular pattern.

• Emphasis

• Rhythm

• Balance

• Unity

The idea of maintaining consistency of art elements in various areas in art works

• Rhythm

• Unity

• Proportion

• Balance

Concerned with diversity or contrast. It is achieved by using different shapes, lines, colors, and other elements of art.

• Rhythm

• Variety

• Proportion

• Emphasis

Relates to the oneness, wholeness or order in a work.

• Proportion

• Rhythm

• Unity

• Variety