Formation of Sedimentary Rocks

Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.

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NGSS.4-ESS2-1

What factors can lead to the formation of a sedimentary rock?

• melting and solidification

• extreme heat and pressure

• compaction and cementation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What factors can lead to the formation of a sedimentary rock?

• evaporation and precipitation

• melting and solidification

• extreme heat and pressure

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Describe the texture of breccia.

• vesicular

• clastic

• crystalline

• bioclastic

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of the following is a land-derived sedimentary rock?

• rock gypsum

• limestone

• gabbro

• conglomerate

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What is likely to cause cracks on the sidewalk?

• Repeated freezing and thawing of water
• Tree roots or plant roots growing bigger
• Both and A and B
• Neither A or B 

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NGSS.4-ESS2-1

Bobby observed that a metal trash can was covered with rust.  What type of weathering caused the rust on the trash can?

• Mechanical weathering 
• Wind weathering
• Chemical weathering
• Erosion weathering

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What human activities can increase the rate of weathering?

• Increasing the amount of acid rain
• Paving over large portions of land
• All of the other answers. 
• Strip mining and agriculture

Which type of climate would cause the greatest rate of weathering?

• Cold and dry
• Cold and humid (wet)
• Warm and humid (wet)
• Warm and dry

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

A student hiking in a rock area on a mountain notices that wide, deep cracks have formed in some of the large rocks. Some of the cracks are so large that the rocks have broken apart. Which process most likely caused these rocks to crack and creak? 

• Erosion by wind
• Water freezing and thawing
• Erosion by fast-moving
• Sediments being deposited.

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NGSS.4-ESS2-1