Vocabulary and Inferential Questions

The assessment of past rises and falls in sea level requires study of submerged land surfaces off the coast and of elevated beaches on land. Raised beaches are remnants of former coastlines at higher levels relative to the present shoreline and visible, for instance, along the California coast north of San Francisco, the height of a raised beach above the present shoreline, however, does not generally give a straightforward indication of the height of a former sea level.

The word "remnants" in the passage is closest in meaning to

• remains

• regions

• pints

• origins

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.4A

CCSS.L.7.4A

CCSS.L.7.5B

CCSS.L.8.4A

CCSS.L.9-10.4A

At night, the solar energy (stored as vast quantities of heat in city buildings and roads) is slowly released into the city air. Additional city heat is given off at night (and during the day) by vehicles and factories, as well as by industrial and domestic heating and cooling units. The release of heat energy is retarded by the tall vertical city walls that do not allow infrared radiation to escape as readily as does the relatively level surface of the surrounding countryside. The slow release of heat tends to keep nighttime city temperatures higher than those of the faster-cooling rural areas.

The word "retarded" in the passage is closest in meaning to

• disguised

• added to

• made possible

• slowed down

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.4A

CCSS.L.7.4A

CCSS.L.7.5B

CCSS.L.8.4A

CCSS.L.9-10.4A

Several dinosaur fossil localities preserve coprolites. Coprolites yield unequivocal evidence about the dietary habits of dinosaurs. Many parts of plants and animals are extremely resistant to the digestive systems of animals and pass completely through the body with little or no alteration. Study of coprolites has indicated that the diets of some herbivorous dinosaurs were relatively diverse, while other dinosaurs appear to have been specialists, feeding on particular types of plants. The problem with inferring diets from coprolites is the difficulty in accurately associating a particular coprolite with a specific dinosaur.

The word "unequivocal" in the passage is closest in meaning to

• deniable

• unambiguous

• unclear

• argely

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.4A

CCSS.L.7.4A

CCSS.L.7.5B

CCSS.L.8.4A

CCSS.L.9-10.4A

Receptors for the sense of smell are located at the top of the nasal cavity.

• upper end

• inner edge

• mouth

• division

Tags

CCSS.L.1.6

CCSS.L.3.6

CCSS.L.K.5A

Passenger ships and aircraft are often equipped with ship-to-shore or air-to-land radio telephones

• highways

• railroads

• airplanes

• sailboats

Tags

CCSS.L.1.6

CCSS.L.3.6

CCSS.L.K.5A

Dotting the marshy expanse of the Florida Everglades are little islands known locally as hummocks.

• generally

• to all

• in that area

• occasionally

Tags

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RL.11-12.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

It is not possible for people to recall everything that they have thought, felt, or done.

• remember

• appreciate

• repeat

• discuss

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.2B

CCSS.L.6.2B

CCSS.L.7.2B

CCSS.L.8.2C

CCSS.L.9-10.1.C

When preparing a diet, a person should be aware that vitamin D acts to increase the amount of calcium absorbed by the body.

• schedule of exercise

• nutritional plan

• study of longevity

• medicinal chart

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.4C

CCSS.L.6.4C

CCSS.L.7.4C

CCSS.L.8.4C

CCSS.L.9-10.4C

A new atomic clock being developed for navigation satellites will perform better than previous devices. The clock will use a new microwave cavity design to provide a compact and lightweight package and new electronic techniques to maintain long-term stability. The clock can provide precise navigation information because it is stable to one second in three million years. The differences in the time when signals from four satellites arrive at one location can be used to calculate that position to within a few yards

From the passage, it can be inferred that which of the following characteristics of the clock mentioned will be most impressive?

• Its compact size

• Its weight

• Its accuracy

• Its ability to measure distance

Tags

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.7.4

A new atomic clock being developed for navigation satellites will perform better than previous devices. The clock will use a new microwave cavity design to provide a compact and lightweight package and new electronic techniques to maintain long-term stability. The clock can provide precise navigation information because it is stable to one second in three million years. The differences in the time when signals from four satellites arrive at one location can be used to calculate that position to within a few yards.

It can be inferred from the passage that the new clock will be

• long-lasting

• harmful to humans

• produced in great numbers

• very attractive looking

Tags

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

CCSS.RI. 9-10.1

CCSS.RI.11-12.1

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.2