What is Science? Lesson 1

Which question can best be investigated by a scientist?

• Should I buy a red shirt or a green shirt?
• Does chocolate milk or plain milk taste better?
• Does a plant need sunlight to grow?
• Which feels softer, cat fur or dog fur?

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In order for an explanation to be considered scientific, it must be based on ____________.

• an inference
• a conclusion
• past experience
• evidence

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Which is not a pseudoscience?

• Religion
• Astrology
• Superstitions
• Ecology

Which one the following is NOT a branch of science, but a pseudoscience because it not testable, repeatable and observable by scientific standards. 

• A. astronomy: study of physical objects (such as stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets and nebulae) and processes (such as supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, and cosmic microwave background radiation)
• B. physics: the study of properties of matter and energy (mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity, magnetism, and the structure of atoms)
• C. biology: the study of living organisms
• D. astrology: the study of how the positions of the stars and movements of the planets have a supposed influence on events and on the lives and behavior of people

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As technology continues to improve, our understanding of science improves, because more advanced tools allow us to make better observations of the natural world.

• True
• False

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1)  Thomas and Julie wanted to find out which material would insulate their teacher's coffee cup and keep the coffee hot for the longest period of time. They first wrapped her cup with bubble wrap and recorded the temperature of the coffee once every 15 minutes for 2 hours. They repeated the investigation, this time using newspaper instead of bubble wrap, but they got the same results for both materials.  
What could they do to make sure their results are valid?

• Repeat their experiment.
• Use teas instead of coffee.
• Use a different thermometer.
• Conduct their investigation in a colder room. 

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An example of logical evidence is...

• There has been a steady decline in the crime rate from 223 per 10,000 residents to 175 per 10,000 last year.

• Many studies have proven that too much sun is not good for your skin.

• Susan saw that there was a girl who littered outside of school.

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Facts, data, or quotes that you provide to prove your argument

• Claim

• Argument

• Evidence

• Counter-Claim

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Fred and Barney were given an assignment to go to a school basketball game and write down everything they each saw, heard, smelled, and touched. Afterwards the two students were to compare and contrast their findings and write up a summary of their combined data. In this case when they wrote down what they saw, heard, smelled and felt was considered?

• They were creating a hypothesis

• They were making inferences

• They were writing down their observations

• None of the above

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What must always be present in order to form a true scientific explanation?

• controlled variables

• subjective evidence

• empirical evidence

• dependent variables

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