Ecology Review

Green plants are

• producers

• herbivores

• consumers

• omnivores

Which type of symbiosis is this?

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

The energy at each trophic level in the pyramid of energy decreases by a factor of _____ as you move up the pyramid?

• 100

• 10

• 1

• 0.5

Rhizobia bacteria help a plant gain the nitrogen it needs. In return, the plant gives Rhizobia shelter and food. Which of these best describes the relationship between rhizobia and bean plants?

• commensalism

• mutualism

• parasitism

• opportunism

Which of the following describes a change that would reduce a pond ecosystem’s stability?

• heavy rains leading to higher water levels in the pond all year

• Changes to the pH level of the water decrease the amount of species of fish

• Climate change leads to prolonged growing seasons of pond plants

• soil around the pond softens and sinks to greater depths

Succession will stop in an ecosystem when which of these occurs?

• biodiversity reaches its lowest point

• lichens and mosses dominate

• trees have replaced shrubs and grasses

• animals use plant resources

What type of organism is most likely to be at the bottom of an energy pyramid?

• primary producer

• primary consumer

• secondary consumer

• tertiary consumer

The picture shows what level of organization?

• population

• community

• organism

Lightning can help contribute to the recycling of what nutrient?

• carbon

• nitrogen

• phosphorous

• oxygen

The typical pioneer species for primary succession is _____?

• lichens

• grass

• shrubs

• flowers