What is the function of cartilage?

• Acts as a lubricant that reduces friction in the joint; allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear.

• Surrounds and protects the joint, holding the bones together.

• Strong, elastic fibres that hold bones together and keeps them in place

• Strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that acts as a cushion and reduces friction

• Produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joint.

What is the function of synovial fluid?

• Acts as a lubricant that reduces friction in the joint; allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear.

• Surrounds and protects the joint, holding the bones together.

• Strong, elastic fibres that hold bones together and keeps them in place

• Strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that acts as a cushion and reduces friction

• Produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joint.

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

• Acts as a lubricant that reduces friction in the joint; allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear.

• Surrounds and protects the joint, holding the bones together.

• Strong, elastic fibres that hold bones together and keeps them in place

• Strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that acts as a cushion and reduces friction

• Produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joint.

What is the function of the ligaments?

• Acts as a lubricant that reduces friction in the joint; allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear.

• Surrounds and protects the joint, holding the bones together.

• Strong, elastic fibres that hold bones together and keeps them in place. Acts as a stabiliser.

• Strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that acts as a cushion and reduces friction

• Produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joint.

What is the function of the joint capsule?

• Acts as a lubricant that reduces friction in the joint; allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear.

• Surrounds and protects the joint, holding the bones together; made up of out fibrous membrane and an inner synovial membrane.

• Strong, elastic fibres that hold bones together and keeps them in place

• Strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that acts as a cushion and reduces friction

• Produces synovial fluid which lubricates the joint.

Analyse the knee joint shown here. Identify the features A, B, C, D, E & F. (6 marks)

Explain the importance of cartilage in a synovial joint for two different sports. (2 marks - be specific)

Analyse the elbow joint shown here. Identify the features labelled A, B, C, D & E. (5 marks)

The image shows a young athlete running.

The running action involves the use of many

joints within the body.

Identify the type of synovial joint

working at the shoulder. (1 mark)

The image shows a young athlete running.

The running action involves the use of many

joints within the body.

Outline how two of the features of the

shoulder joint aim to prevent injury occurring.

(2 marks)