Research can be divided into two broad categories.

• Surveys and Questionnaires

• Quantitative and Qualitative

• Populations and Samples

• Case Studies and Interviews

Which of the following is NOT necessary when determining a causal relationship between two variables?

• The two variables must be correlated.

• All other factors must be considered.

• The research must be based on entire populations, not just representative samples.

• A change in the independent variable must occur before a change in the dependent variable can occur.

Assume that a class has the following scores on a quiz: 18 20 13 18 19 17 16 15 18 20 15 14 16 What is the mode for these scores?

• 220

• 16.9

• 18

• 17

Assume that a class has the following scores on a quiz: 18 20 13 18 19 17 16 15 18 20 15 14 16 What is the mean for these scores?

• 220

• 16.8

• 18

• 17

Assume that a class has the following scores on a quiz: 18 20 13 18 19 17 16 15 18 20 15 14 16 What is the median for these scores?

• 220

• 16.9

• 18

• 17

A researcher sends you a form to fill out concerning your favorite movies. This is an example of

• A questionnaire

• A sample

• secondary analysis

• multiple causation

Which of the following is most closely associated with qualitative research?

• Surveys

• Participant Observation

• Precollected data

• Numerical Analysis

When performing quantitative research, sociologists rely on _____ about 90 percent of the time.

• Precollected Data

• Surveys they conduct themselves

• Case Studies

• Interviews

An interviewer asks you to name your three favorite ways to spend your leisure time. This is an example of a(n) __________ question.

• Correlation

• Representative

• Closed-ended

• Open-ended

A questionnaire lists 20 leisure time activities and asks you to pick your three favorites from the list. This is an example of a(n) __________ question.

• Correlation

• Representative

• Closed-ended

• Open-ended