IGCSE GEOG: 3.1 Development

The part of an economy that is neither taxed, nor monitored by any form of government. Unlike the formal economy, activities that are engaged in the informal economy are not included in the gross national product (GNP) and gross domestic product (GDP) of a country.

• Primary sector

• Secondary sector

• Quaternary sector

• Informal sector

Mining, agriculture and fishing are examples of jobs in this economic sector.

• Primary secotr

• Secondary sector

• Tertiary sector

• Quaternary Sector

These industries provide a service e.g. restaurants and shops.

• Primary sector

• Secondary sector

• Tertiary sector

• Quaternary sector

These industries process and manufacture products from raw materials.

• Primary sector

• Secondary sector

• Tertiary sector

• Quaternary sector

Innovation, research and design are all features of this sector. Biotechnology and computer programming are examples.

• Primary sector

• Secondary sector

• Quaternary sector

• Tertiary sector

The difference in affluence between richer countries (developed) and poorer countries (developing). This gap has increased over time.

• Globalisation

• Development gap

• North-south divide

• Sustainable development

Countries that began to develop through industrialisation in the last 40 years

• LEDC

• MEDC

• NIC

Political corruption, colonisation and unfair global trade laws are all ....

• Human causes of global inequality

• Physical causes of global inequality

Climate, natural disaster and being landlocked are all ....

• Human causes of global inequalites

• Physical causes of global inequalities

A measure of how wealthy a country is. Usually measured using GNI and/or GDP per capita.

• Social/human development

• Economic development

• Life expectency

• Literacy rate