APW - Reading QuiZziz - Ch 12: Worlds of the 15th Century

In the 15th century, what did the Igbo people in West Africa have in common with the Iroquois League in North America?

• Centralized kingdoms and stratified societies

• Plantation economies dependent on slave labor

• Institutions for resolving conflict in the absence of a state

• Seclusion of women

Answer explanation

Both societies had de-centralized states and proud of their "no king" system. Some historians believe the Iraquois Confederacy served as a 'rough draft for the US Constitution."

Which of the following was the largest pastoral society in West Africa in the fifteenth century?

• The Benin

• The Fulbe

• The Yoruba

• The Igbo

Answer explanation

TThe Fulbe people are widely distributed, across the Sahel from the Atlantic coast to the Red Sea, particularly in West Africa.

Why did the maritime expeditions of the Indian Ocean basin sponsored by the Ming emperor suddenly stop in 1433?

• The court eunuchs who rose to power prioritized farming over commerce.

• Most of the cultures they encountered reacted with hostility and violence.

• The emperor’s successors viewed expansion as a waste of resources.

• Naval forces were redirected to deal with the military threat of the Portuguese.

Answer explanation

Zheng He's fleet numbered hundreds of ships and over 27,000 sailors! Columbus had only three small ships and less than 100 sailors.

In its effort to recover from the disruption of Mongol rule, where did the Ming dynasty look for inspiration?

• The Islamic world

• The culture of past Chinese dynasties

• The emerging civilization in Western Europe

• The empire established by Timur

Answer explanation

China was left traumatized by the Mongol conquest. The Ming were against anything non-Chinese.

Which of the following reflected the fragmented and competitive political environment in Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries?

• The Sunni/Shia divide

• Christine de Pizan’s City of Ladies

• The Renaissance in Italy and northern Europe

• The Hundred Years’ War between England and France

Answer explanation

The Hundred Years' War (1337 to 1453) was fought over territory and the right to the crown of France, which France would ultimately win in the end.

In which empire was a Shia version of Islam made the official religion in the sixteenth century?

• Ottoman Empire

• Mughal Empire

• Songhay Empire

• Safavid Empire

Answer explanation

The Safavids ruled ancient Persia and adopted Shia Islam as their official religion.

Which of the following was a motivation for European expansion but not for Chinese expansion in the fifteenth century?

• To replace the population that had been lost during the Black Death

• To enroll distant peoples and states in the tribute system

• To gain direct access to the goods and wealth of the Indian Ocean basin

• To eliminate piracy in the Indian Ocean

Answer explanation

The Sea Roads of the Indian Ocean was the top trading market of the 15th century. What would people trade there?

Which of the following is true of the Mughal Empire?

• It unified the people of Islam and Christendom.

• It formed as a result of Chinese exploration in the Indian Ocean.

• It established unified control over most of the Indian peninsula.

• It showed no tolerance for Hindu subjects.

Answer explanation

The Mughal's were Muslim, but rolled over a mostly Hindu population in India.

The wars carried out by the Aztec Empire were linked to

• the need for labor service.

• the practice of human sacrifice.

• the search for “wives of the Sun.”

• the control of long-distance trade routes.

Answer explanation

The Mexica called them, "Flower Wars" with the intent to capture enemies alive for sacrifice.

What did the Inca Empire do that the Aztec Empire did not do?

• Claim descent from earlier Mesoamerican peoples

• Engage in agriculture and trade

• Build an elaborate bureaucracy to integrate and control its conquered subjects

• Offer prisoners of war to the gods as human sacrifices

Answer explanation

The Inca conquered vast territory and would often move subjects around to better control them.