What was one major effect of the Black Death on European society?

• It created greater equality between men and women.

• It increased wealth for surviving populations.

• It led to the permanent collapse of feudalism.

• It caused Europe to stop trading with Asia forever.

How did the French wars in Italy affect the Renaissance?

• They destroyed the libraries of Florence.

• They caused artists to stop producing new work.

• They spread Italian Renaissance ideas to France.

• They ended the influence of Rome on European culture.

What did Renaissance secularism encourage people to focus on?

• Papal authority.

• Life after death.

• Worldly concerns.

• Monastic prayer.

Why was Gutenberg’s printing press significant?

• It caused literacy rates to decline.

• It made books cheaper and easier to produce.

• It convinced the Church to stop banning books.

• It replaced all handwritten manuscripts instantly.

Which architectural style did Renaissance builders revive?

• Byzantine domes.

• Gothic pointed arches.

• Egyptian pyramids.

• Roman columns and arches.

Why were books so rare in Europe before the invention of the printing press?

• Only kings were allowed to own them.

• They were all written in Greek and Latin.

• They had to be copied by hand.

• The Church banned most forms of reading.

Why was movable type better than block printing?

• It required no tools or materials.

• It used gold ink instead of black ink.

• Letters could be rearranged easily.

• It produced pictures but not words.

Why was Dante’s decision to write in the vernacular important?

• It allowed ordinary people to read his work.

• It replaced Latin as the official language of the Church.

• It created the first printing press.

• It forced all writers to use French.

What was a major feature of the Scientific Revolution?

• Accepting Church teachings without question.

• Using observation and experimentation.

• Returning to astrology as a science.

• Replacing mathematics with philosophy.

What did Copernicus argue about the universe?

• The Sun moves around the Earth.

• The Earth orbits the Sun.

• The stars circle the Moon.

• The universe has no center.