Ecology

Why are invasive (non-native) organisms a threat to native populations in a habitat?

• Non-native organisms cause native organisms to relocate

• Non-native organisms may be used for medicine

• Non-native organisms can mutate rapidly

• Non-native organisms compete with native organisms for resources

In Biomagnification, top consumers may have higher amounts of harmful chemicals. Why?

• Top consumers eat other top consumers and the chemicals keep accumulating in their tissues

• Top consumers are attracted to the smell of these chemicals and consume them

• Top consumers eat producers which have the highest level of chemicals in their tissues

• Top consumers eat primary consumers that have eaten producers that accumulated chemicals from the water

What is a problem with deforestation or the clear cutting of timber?

• Soil erosion & landslides

• Decreased biological magnification

• Less habitat fragmentation

• More oxygen in the atmosphere

Which of the following changes to Earth’s systems are a direct or indirect result of the carbon dioxide emissions?

• Decreasing sea levels

• Increased coastal flooding

• Increased frequency of volcanic eruptions

• Increased ice coverage in polar ice caps

How are these two effects--acid rain and global warming--related to each other?

• Acid rain is a side effect of global warming at the local level.

• Acid rain is a side effect of efforts to reduce global warming.

• Both acid rain and global warming are caused by the burning of fossil fuels.

• Both acid rain and global warming are caused by increased levels of water in the atmosphere

“Rabbits may live in a variety of places, including meadows, forests, and along the shores of a pond. They eat producers and provide food for larger predators, including hawks and raccoons.” By citing information from this paragraph, which of the following questions can be answered?

• How does the rabbit depend on microhabitats?

• What is the tolerance of the rabbit to changes in its environment?

• What is the niche of the rabbit?

• What is the carrying capacity of a meadow for rabbits?

Humans are able to digest certain food because of bacteria that live in their gut. The relationship between a human and the bacteria inside it is an example of what type of symbiosis?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Predator/prey

Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide and methane. How do greenhouse gases act to increase air temperatures near Earth’s surface?

• They emit heat when they undergo chemical reactions.

• They reflect heat that enters the atmosphere.

• They trap heat that is radiated from the surface.

• They transmit visible light that enters the atmosphere.

How might plants and other photosynthetic organisms help with greenhouse gases?

• Photosynthesis traps carbon dioxide in the soil.

• Photosynthesis acts to remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere.

• Plants and other photosynthetic organisms change into fossil fuels over time.

• Plants and other photosynthetic organisms provide food for consumers, who perform cellular respiration.

Members of a species in a defined area

• Ecosystem
• community
• biodiversity
• population