Environmental Science 9 Weeks Review

The 1st law of Thermodynamics

• Energy can not be created or destroyed. It just changes forms.

• Energy can only be created by the sun

• Some energy is lost to the environment.

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Measure of the amount of matter 

• mass
• volume
• weight
• density

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NGSS.5-PS1-2

Anything that has mass & takes up space

• gravity
• force
• matter
• volume

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Smallest unit of an element

• compound
• atom
• molecule
• product

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Substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances

• element
• molecule
• gram
• proton

Substance made up of chemically combined elements

• atom
• element
• electron
• compound

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Substances that form as the result of a chemical reaction

• products
• reactants
• coefficients
• subscripts

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Substances present at the start of a chemical reaction

• subscripts
• coefficients
• reactants
• products

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A 500-gram block of solid cheese is melted in a pot. Which is most likely the mass of the cheese after it is melted?

• 500 grams, because the cheese does not gain or lose mass just because it was melted
• 499 grams, because some of the cheese evaporates as it melts
• 502 grams, because the cheese absorbs heat as it melts

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NGSS.MS-PS1-5

The law of universal gravitation states that both mass and distance of objects affect the gravitational force between them. Gravitational force increases as the mass of the objects increase. Gravitational force decreases as distance between the objects increases. Why are these statements considered scientific law, and not scientific theory?

• The statements tells what happens, and not why it happens.

• The statements involve mass and distance measurements.

• The statements explain the attractive force between two objects.

• The statements predict what will happen under certain conditions.

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