Unit 3: Changes in Matter Review

How are the particles in each state of matter different?

• The particles are different sizes.

• The particles are arranged differently.

• The particles are different materials.

• The particles are different shapes.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Kinley created a model of the molecules of a solid, liquid, and gas to compare the motion of the particles.

Which state of matter does each image represent?

• A - solid, B - liquid, C - gas

• A - gas, B - liquid, C - solid

• A - liquid, B - gas, C - solid

• A - liquid, B - solid, C - gas

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What should be the expected outcome of the experiment for both student groups completing this experiment? Provide a rationale for your answer.

• There should be a greater change in mass because matter was destroyed.

• The change in mass should be zero because matter cannot be created or destroyed.

• The final mass should have been greater than the initial mass because matter was created.

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You are planning and carrying out an investigation to compare the physical and chemical properties of copper, a transition metal. You measure the mass and the volume of a sample of the copper. You drop nitric acid on a sample of the copper. You measure the temperature at which the copper melts. You hammer a sample of copper into a thin sheet.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the chemical and physical properties of copper in the investigations you carried out and why?

• You used mass and volume to calculate density. Density is a chemical property because the mass and volume of different pieces of copper is different.

• Different samples of copper melted at the same temperature. This demonstrated a chemical property because different size samples of copper took longer to melt than others.

• A sample of copper was hammered into a thin sheet. This

  demonstrated a chemical property because different samples of

  copper may not hammer to the same thickness.

• The sample of copper changed color and bubbles of gas formed on the surface when you dropped nitric acid on it. This demonstrated a chemical property because the copper is changing into other substances.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which observation indicates a chemical property?

• slowly dissolves

• turns cloudy

• turns black

• gritty

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Is Ellie’s classification correct? Why or why not?

• She is correct because Samples A and B both contain Sample C and therefore are considered mixtures.

• She is incorrect because Sample B contains different types of

  substances and should be classified as a pure substance.

• She is incorrect because Sample A contains only one type of

  substance and should be classified as a pure substance.

• She is correct because Samples A and B both contain different

  substances to make mixtures and sample C is made up of one

  substance to be a pure substance.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Penny placed a tablet of baking soda in a cup of water. The tablet immediately began to bubble, fizz, and eventually dissolve.

Did a physical or chemical change occur and how do you know?

• chemical; the tablet gave off a gas in the form of bubbles

• chemical; the fizzing sound indicates a new substance was formed

• physical; the tablet only dissolved in the water and formed a mixture

• physical; the water can be boiled off and the tablet residue would be left

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You concluded that a physical change had occurred when the soda expanded as it froze.

What evidence BEST supports your conclusion?

• The frozen soda tasted the same as liquid soda.

• The can of soda was stuck to the freezer.

• The soda formed no new substances.

• The soda had come out of the can.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Chase buys a helium balloon for a friend’s birthday. As he walks out of the store, it starts snowing.

What do you predict will happen to the balloon, and why?

• The balloon will expand and burst because helium is less dense

  than cold outdoor air.

• The balloon will shrink because the cold causes the helium atoms to slow down and move closer together.

• The balloon will expand and burst because the rapid temperature change causes the helium atoms to move faster, increasing the pressure.

• The balloon will shrink because the high humidity of the air outside the store exerts a greater pressure than the dry air inside the store.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Does this chemical reaction explain conservation of matter and why?

• Yes, because atoms are the same in the reactants and products.

• No, because atoms are not the same in the reactants and

  products.

• Yes, because molecules are the same in the reactants and

  products.

• No, because molecules are not the same in the reactants and

  products.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-5