Enlightenment & Revolution

The Enlightenment, or age of __________, occurred during the 1600s and 1700s.

• reason

• beauty

• science

• prosperity

Enlightenment thinkers focused on three topics in their studies of government. 1. Authority, 2. Rights, and 3. _______.

He wrote Leviathan, a book about the purpose of government, and believed that the absolute authority of government is necessary.

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Jefferson

He believed that humans are naturally reasonable and argued that all humans are born with natural rights.

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Jefferson

oppressive rule, usually by a government

• secular

• social contract

• tyranny

• natural rights

Two of the many problems that France had to deal with in the 1700s were (select two)

• Social inequality between classes

• Political power held by the Catholic Church

• The American Revolution

• Advancements in mathematics and science

French Philosophes (philosophers) applied principles of reason to many subjects, and called for political ______ in France.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, an important French philosopher in the 1700s, believed that ________ corrupted the individual.

• law

• society

• salons

• religion

____________, an important French philosopher in the 1700s, supported freedom of religion and the separation of church and state. He also called for freedom of speech.

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Thomas Jefferson

Many Enlightenment thinkers supported a theory called _________. They believed that: God created the universe, but left it alone, and that God does not interfere with the universe or human events.

• deism

• feminism

• secularism

• communism