IBA Lesson 3 Review

Which server type provides text output that users can access at their convenience and also allows multi-person input?

• News server

• Database server

• Web server

• Email server

Answer explanation

A news server uses the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP). Like an email server, a news server provides text output that users can access at their convenience. However, like a conference call, it has multi-person input, allowing users to post information in an easily accessible location.

A Web server is another name for a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server, which is used to transfer HTML files and other file formats that HTTP can serve. A database server is used to store data in database format, which allows the data to be sorted and searched using search algorithms. An email server uses various protocols to handle sending, receiving and storing email messages.

What are T carriers?

• Dedicated digital telephone lines used in Europe

• The data channels in an ISDN line

• Dedicated digital telephone lines used in North America

• The signaling channels in an ISDN line

Answer explanation

T carriers are dedicated digital telephone lines used in North America.

An Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) line is a communication standard for sending voice, video or data over digital telephone lines. E carriers are dedicated digital telephone lines used in Europe.

Why might a Webpage appear differently in different browsers?

• Each browser interprets HTML somewhat differently.

• Each browser may interpret the Webpage differently based on the page's W3C-compliance.

• Each browser uses different protocols to access the Webpage.

• Each browser utilizes network bandwidth differently.

Answer explanation

A browser displays the elements of a Webpage according to the HTML code used to create the page. A Webpage may not appear the same in different browsers because each browser interprets HTML somewhat differently. For example, different browsers may use different default fonts and layouts, or support different table formatting commands.

What is the purpose of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)?

• It maps hosts on the Internet.

• It directs a packet along a prescribed route.

• It passes information from one computer to another.

• It downloads incoming messages.

Answer explanation

Every computer connected to the Internet uses a protocol suite called Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which enables computers to communicate with one another. TCP enables two computers to establish a communication link and exchange packets of data; IP specifies the format and addressing scheme of the packets.

To support an Internet client, you must have six elements. The first three—a computer, an operating system and TCP/IP—are generally acquired when you buy a computer. Which choice lists the other three elements you need to support an Internet client?

• Server system, Internet connection and network access

• Internet connection, client software and server software

• Client software, Internet connection and Internet address

• Network access, administrator permission and server software

Answer explanation

Six elements are required to connect to the Internet: computer, operating system, TCP/IP, client software, Internet connection and Internet address. The first three items are generally acquired when you buy a computer. When you arrange to connect your computer to the Internet, you must install client software, implement a connection method, and identify the addresses of servers you can use.

A domain name server performs which function?

• It resolves machine addresses to domain names.

• It resolves domain names to machine names.

• It resolves IP addresses to Web URLs.

• It resolves domain names to IP addresses.

Which protocol is used to host newsgroups and distribute mailing lists by providing text output that users can access and by allowing multi-person input?

• Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

• Post Office Protocol (POP)

• Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

Answer explanation

A news server uses the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) to host newsgroups and distribute mailing lists. Like an email server, a news server provides text output that users can access at their convenience. However, like a conference call, it has multi-person input, allowing users to post information in an easily accessible location. It is considered a legacy service now, and many ISPs no longer support newsgroup access. However, it is still worth understanding. You receive email from an incoming mail server using Post Office Protocol (POP) or Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP). You send email to others with an outgoing server using Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which is responsible solely for sending—not receiving—email messages.

Which protocol is the Internet standard protocol for transmitting email messages over networks, and is responsible only for sending—but not receiving—email messages?

• Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

• Post Office Protocol (POP)

• Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

Answer explanation

You send email to others with an outgoing server using Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). SMTP is the Internet standard protocol for transferring email messages from one computer to another. It specifies how two email systems interact. SMTP is responsible solely for sending email messages. You receive mail from an incoming mail server using Post Office Protocol (POP) or Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP). POP and IMAP are used to store and access email messages. A news server uses Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) to host newsgroups.

Which protocol is used to send Webpages from a Web server to a Web browser?

• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

• Post Office Protocol (POP3)

• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Answer explanation

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the protocol used to transfer Webpages from a Web server to a Web client, usually a Web browser. Specifically, HTTP is the set of rules required to exchange files, such as text, images, video and multimedia content, across the Web. HTML is the language used to create Webpages. FTP is used to transport large files of various types. POP transports email messages.

What is a network?

• A central repository of programs and data to which all member users have access

• A group of computers connected so they can communicate, share resources and exchange data

• An architecture of computers that divides processing and storage tasks between clients and servers

• A system that requests services from other computers and is used to access files or documents

Answer explanation

A network is a group of two or more computers connected so they can communicate, share resources and exchange information with one another. In a networked environment, computers are connected to a network server, which acts as the central repository of programs and data to which all users connected to the network have access. Many networks are structured using the client/server model, in which individual computers and devices, called nodes, interact with one another through a central server to which they are all connected. The client/server model divides processing and storage tasks between the client and the server. A client is a system or application on a network that requests a service from another computer (the server), and is used to access files or documents (such as a Web browser or user agent). A server is a computer in a network that manages the network resources and provides, or serves, information to clients.