Bio - carbon cycle

Based on the diagram, which statement best describes this ecosystem

• Energy is gained by organisms in the ecosystem, while matter is lost

• Energy flows through the ecosystem, while matter is cycled and conserved

• Energy cycles in the ecosystem, while matter is transferred to the organisms

• Energy is made by the organisms, while matter flows through the ecosystems

At point Y, carbon is most likely to be in which of the following forms as it is transferred from the cows to the grass?

• protein

• solid carbon

• carbohydrates

• carbon dioxide gas

the natural cycling of oxygen between organisms and their environment is most directly accomplished by which pair of processes?

• fermentation and oxidation

• transpiration and evaporation

• precipitation and condensation

• photosynthesis and respiration

Which of the following explains why elements, such as carbon and oxygen, that are used in organic molecules are not permanently removed from the environment?

• they are replenished by sunlight

• they are cycled through ecoystems

• they are replaced by volcanic eruptions

• they are produced constantly from nutrients

In one of the steps of the carbon cycle, a person exhales a molecule of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Which of the following is most likely to happen next to the atom of carbon in this molecule?

• it may be used as a part of a sugar molecule in a plant through photosynthesis

• it may become part of a protein in an animal

• it may be consumed as a fossil fuel is burned

• it may be decomposed into carbon and oxygen by bacteria

If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?

• increased rates of decomposition

• decreased use of atmospheric CO₂

• decreased combustion of fossil fuels

• increased production of organic compounds

In traditional landscaping, leaves are raked off the ground and bagged. In which of the following ways does this practice most significantly disrupt natural nutrient cycling?

• it carries away microorganisms that can perform nitrogen fixation for plants

• it reduces the rate of oxygen and carbon cycling via photosynthesis

• it prevents carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen from being returned to the soil through decomposition

• it increases the amount of carbon dioxide that is released to the atmosphere

Leaves fall from deciduous trees in autumn. The carbon in these leaves is returned to the atmosphere through which of the following processes?

• condensation

• decomposition

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

Which of these would lead to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

• a decrease in respiration

• a decrease in the ozone layer

• an increase in photosynthesis

• an increase in the burning of fossil fuels

Which of the following introduces carbon dioxide into the carbon cycle?

• using a windmill to pump water

• absorbing solar energy

• burning organic material

• generating hydroelectric power