BIO 1st Benchmark Review

Proteins that regulate the cell cycle are inactive when the is NOT dividing. They are turned on when the cell begins mitosis. What would happen if these proteins remained turned on indefinitely?

• Cells would stop dividing and die.

• Cells would divide uncontrollably and could become cancerous.

• Cells would increase enormously in size and explode.

• Cells would divide without replicating their DNA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which option accurately differentiates prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

• Prokaryotes do not have cytoplasm

• Prokaryotes do not undergo cell division

• Prokaryotes do not synthesize proteins

• Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles

Robert Hooke placed a thin cross section from a cork oak tree under a microscope. He observed walled squares packed tightly together.

Hooke's observation provides evidence for which principle of the cell theory?

• All cells make energy from food

• All living things originate from a single cell

• All cell are physically and chemically identical

• All living things are made of one or more cells

A slide contains a bacterial cell and a human skin cell. If the slide is viewed using a high-power microscope, which structures will be visible in the bacterial cell ONLY?

• Membrane-bound structures that contain chlorophyll

• Mitochondria that are scattered throughout the cell

• Circular plasmid DNA that contains double stranded DNA

• Multiple nuclei scattered throughout the cell

Expression of the genetic information contained in DNA molecules is directly dependent upon the interaction between the nucleus and which organelles?

• Chloroplasts

• Lysosomes

• Ribosomes

• Vacuoles

An amoeba undergoes cell division to produce two cells, as shown in the diagram.

A student concludes that this process is asexual reproduction in an amoeba. Which evidence supports the student's conclusion?

• Creation of two genetically different cells

• Replication of DNA before nuclear division

• Separation of cytoplasm before division

• Production of independently working cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

In an experiment, a student places a sample of healthy cheek cells in a solution with the same solute concentration as the internal cell environment.

He observes that after five minutes, the cheek cells appear unchanged. Which question can be answered by the experiment?

• How will placement in an isotonic solution affect osmosis in cheek cells?

• How will placement in a hypotonic solution affect osmosis in cheek cells?

• How will placement in a hypotonic solution affect active transport in cheek cells?

• How will placement in an isotonic solution affect active transport in cheek cells?

A student places 10 cockroaches and 10 stones in separate containers with mesh lids. The student adds food and water to each container.

After a few days, the student observes that the number of cockroaches has increased, while the number of stones has remained the same. The student concludes that cockroaches are living organisms.

Which criteria supports the conclusion that cockroaches are living?

• Ability to breathe

• Ability to move

• Ability to grow

• Ability to reproduce

A scientist wants to confirm if a disease is caused by a virus. Which observation will help confirm if the disease-causing agent is a virus?

• It has a nucleus

• It has ribosomes

• It lacks genetic material

• It lacks mitochondria

Which example correctly represents simple sugars interacting to form large, organic molecules?

• Carbohydrates such as sucrose are complex molecules composed of long chains of simple sugars.

• Lipids such as phospholipids have long tails composed of simple sugars and phosphate heads.

• Proteins such as RNA and DNA are composed of long chains of simple sugars.

• Nucleic acids such as enzymes and hormones are distinguished by the types of simple sugars present in their nucleotides.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6