Unit 1 Test

Based on the map above, which statement best describes one effect of the growth of railroads in the late 19^th century?

• The Texas Pacific Railroad allowed products from Texas to be shipped directly to the Great Lakes region

• Economic power in the US shifted to southern cities, like Charleston, as railroads increase

• Railroads allowed St. Louis to conduct more trade with Europe than other US cities

• Many cities became important transportation centers because of the railroad system

Which of the following inventions/innovations allowed urban areas to build skyscrapers?

• Discovery of petroleum and electric light bulb

• Expansion of steel production and the elevator

• Invention of the telephone and steel for buildings

• Invention of the escalator and the telegraph

Which of the following human geographic factors influenced the development of the Great Plains?

• Railroads

• River transportation

• Fertile lands

• Abundant rainfall

Which early 1900s group is best characterized by this list?(USH.3C)

· Overcrowded tenement apartments

· Dangerous working conditions

· Segregated ethnic neighborhoods

• Migrant laborers in mining towns

• Inner-city political machines

• Immigrants in urban areas

• Labor union leaders

“Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the provisions of this act shall apply to any common carrier or carriers engaged in the transportation of passengers or property wholly by the railroad…from one State or Territory of the United States…to any other State or Territory of the United States…”

- Interstate Commerce Act, 1887

What was the importance of the act excerpted above?

• It was the first federal food-safety regulation

• It prohibited the formation of monopolies

• It protected the rights of workers in unions

• It was the first federal law to regulate industry

After 1880, where did the majority of “New Immigrants” to the United States come from?

• Northern and Western Europe

• Canada and Latin America

• Southern and Eastern Europe

• China and Southeast Asia

Use the list below to answer the question.

· Andrew Carnegie

· Cornelius Vanderbilt

· John D. Rockefeller

How did the contributions of these post-Reconstruction businessmen affect the United States?

• Their entrepreneurship helped the United States become a world industrial power.

• Their donations to the arts aided an increase in the US tourism industry.

• Their generous charities helped foster a system of social welfare in the United States.

• Their focus on foreign trade aided in the movement of US companies abroad.

Use the list below to answer the question.

Benefits of Big Business in the Late 1800s

· Technological innovations improved efficiency.

· _______________?________________

· Skilled industrial workers earned better salaries.

Which sentence best completes this list?

• The value of the stock market declined

• Monopolies and trusts increased

• Mass production lowered prices for consumers

• Fewer people controlled more of the nation’s wealth

Which factor contributed most to the rise of inner-city overcrowding in the late 19^th century?

• Suffrage

• Settlement houses

• Industrialization

• Antitrust legislation

Powerful industrialists like Carnegie and Rockefeller were called both “Captains of Industry” and “Robber Barons” because

• They provided good paying jobs, but produced unsafe products

• They provide new goods and services while underpaying their laborers

• They worked closely with their competitors and charged consumers incredibly high prices

• They supported workplace reforms but drove their competitors out of business