US History Since 1877 Unit 3 Exam Review

The Progressive Era is defined as a historical era because the time period is characterized by the —

• shrinking of the U.S industrial economy

• growing support for overseas expansion

• shifting attitudes about civil rights for minorities

• changing ideas about the functions of U.S. government

Political change in the Progressive Era was characterized by the expansion of —

• social welfare programs

• power for the executive branch

• individual rights for more Americans

• civil rights for American Indian tribes

The reform movements of the Progressive Era generally focused on —

• civil rights for minority groups

• policies related to isolationism

• issues related to social injustice

• concerns about conservationism

Seventeenth Amendment

Nineteenth Amendment

Direct Party Primaries

As a result of the listed Progressive Era reforms —

• citizens became more involved in the election process

• corporate leaders began campaigning for elected office

• political bosses gained greater control over local elections

• big business came under additional government regulation

Which of the following was one effect of the Progressive Era political reforms of initiative, referendum, and recall?

• Judicial authority expanding to include administering local elections.

• Government officials responding to the needs of voters more readily.

• Women and minorities increasing participation in the political process.

• Political machines gaining greater influence in local elections and politics.

How did the Seventeenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution give more political power to the individual voter?

• It allowed citizens to vote regardless of race, creed, or ethnicity.

• It freed citizens to vote without paying a poll tax or passing a literacy test.

• It established the direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.

• It allowed for the number of senators per state to be determined by population.

Journalist and social reformer Ida B. Wells was responsible for exposing the brutality associated with —

• lynching

• gambling

• child labor

• alcohol abuse

The writings of W.E.B. DuBois promoted the idea that —

• African Americans deserved racial equality immediately

• African Americans needed to organize as a political party

• African Americans must leave the country to obtain rights

• African Americans should seek to gradually gain civil rights

[T]he meat would be shoveled into carts, and the man who did the shoveling would not trouble to lift out a rat even when he saw one—there were things that went into the sausage in comparison with which a poisoned rat was a tidbit. There was no place for the men to wash their hands before they ate their dinner, and so they made a practice of washing them in the water that was to be ladled into the sausage. There were the butt-ends of smoked meat, and the scraps of corned beef, and all the odds and ends of the waste of the plants, that would be dumped into old barrels in the cellar and left there. Under the system of rigid economy which the packers enforced, there were some jobs that it only paid to do once in a long time, and among these was the cleaning out of the waste barrels. Every spring they did it; and in the barrels would be dirt and rust and old nails and stale water—and cartload after cartload of it would be taken up and dumped into the hoppers with fresh meat, and sent out to the public’s breakfast.— Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, 1906

The American public and President Roosevelt responded to the information in the excerpt by —

• advocating for reforms to working conditions

• demanding better school nutrition programs

• calling for the regulation of the food industry

• working for the passage of the Sixteenth Amendment

The activism of Susan B. Anthony impacted American government because it led to the passage of the —

• Seventeenth Amendment

• Eighteenth Amendment

• Nineteenth Amendment

• Twentieth Amendment