Chapter 3 Organic Compounds

All organic molecules must contain what element?

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• hydrogen

• carbon

Which of the following would most likely qualify as a classification of a macromolecule?

• cellulose

• DNA

• protein

• RNA

Answer explanation

Proteins are 1 of the 4 classes of macromolecules.

Cellulose is a carbohydrate.

DNA & RNA are nucleic acids.

How many covalent bonds can carbon form with other atoms?

• 2

• 4

• 8

• 10

Proteins, which are tremendously complex molecules, all use their basic units, or building blocks...

• amino acids

• polypeptides

• nucleic acids

• carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The monomer of proteins are amino acids.

The dehydration synthesis of all the basic units of carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins, always produces what byproduct?

• energy

• amino acid

• carbon

• water

Answer explanation

Some things in Biology have multiple names.

Dehydration synthesis is also known as a condensation reaction.

Saturated fats (triglycerides)

• have many double bonds

• have no double bonds

• have electrostatic charges

• tend to be oily

Answer explanation

In saturated fats (triglycerides), carbon atoms have the maximum number of bonds with hydrogen atoms.

Which of the following types of compounds is unlike the other 3?

• saturated fat

• phospholipid

• polysaccharide

• wax

Answer explanation

Saturated fat, phospholipid, and wax are all types of lipids.

Polysaccharide is a carbohydrate.

Which of the following is not created as a result of dehydration synthesis?

(Hint: Which of these is a monomer?)

• polysaccharide

• polypeptide

• disaccharide

• fatty acid

Answer explanation

Fatty acids are the monomers of lipids.

Remember: di- means 2 and poly- means many.

Which process best describes the assembly of proteins from amino acids?

• Monomers are linked to form a polymer.

• Molecules are added to a compound until it becomes a monomer.

• Atoms are linked to form a compound.

• Atoms are added to a monomer until it becomes a polymer.

Hydrolysis involves the _______ of water to _______ a polymer.

• addition; break up

• removal; build

• removal; break up

• addition; build

Answer explanation

Hydrolysis involves the addition of water to break up a polymer.