Principles of Ecology

Which is the best example of mutualism?

• a fish protecting a shrimp, who builds a burrow for the pair to share

• a peacock courting and mating with a peahen

• a snake administering its toxic venom to a mouse

• a crayfish resting under the roots of an aquatic plant

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A fish swimming beneath a shark to collect scraps while the shark remains unaffected is an example of

• mutualism

• commensalism

• predation

• parasitism

Which is part of Earth’s biogeochemical cycle?

• solar radiation traveling to Earth

• helium gas escaping into space

• an avalanche rumbling down the mountain

• carbon from decomposition trapped on the ocean floor

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The specific range of land—approximately 4 km²— a place for the jaguar to live is its

• Biome

• Habitat

• Niche

• Biosphere

Deep ocean vents, African wildlife, and arctic glaciers are all part of the Earth's

• Community

• Ecosystem

• Biome

• Biosphere

What will happen to polar bears if the Earth’s average temperature keeps rising?

• Their population will grow

• Food will be more plentiful for them

• They will become forest-dwellers seeking shade

• The ice sheets will melt and they will be unable to obtain food and travel

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The algae, insect larvae, protozoans, and other species in a small pond would be an example of a

• Community

• Biome

• Biosphere

• Population

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Select all that apply: limiting factors on population growth

• competitors

• disease

• weathers

• fires

• available habitats

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What is meant by ecological tolerance?

• Two species competing for resources

• The sun's effect on global warming

• Microbes in the soil breaking down nitrates

• The range of environmental conditions that are necessary for survival in a species.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

How can detritivores be beneficial to the environment?

• provide food for autotrophs

• rid waste and dead matter

• allow predation to occur

• eating excess producers

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